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Genetic Divergence and Hybrid Performance in Rice

M. A. Hossain
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Garipur, Bangladesh

M. A. Haque
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. K. Hossain
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Two Cytoplasmic-Genetic Male Sterile (CMS) lines were crossed with 11 restorers and hybrid seed of 22 combinations was produced. Thirteen parental lines and their 22 F₁s along with standard checks, BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 were grown in the experimental field of BRRI during boro, 1999-2000. Genetic diversity was studied following Mahalanobis' generalized distance (D²). On the basis of cluster analysis, 13 parental lines were grouped into 4 clusters. Both the female parents fall in the same cluster and rest 11 male parents were distributed in three clusters. The magnitudes of inter and intra cluster distances indicated presence of sufficient divergence among the parental lines for different characters. Mean parent heterosis was compared with the cluster distances of respective parents but no positive association between them was found. Negative heterosis was observed in most of the hybrid combinations for plant height and days to flowering, while panicles per hill, number of filled grains per panicle and yield showed positive heterosis. Parents from clusters separated distantly did not reveal heterotic response in their hybrid combination for different characters. However, the hybrid combination with parental clusters when separated by medium D² values exhibited the highest heterosis (82.92%) followed by low distant parent combination for grain yield.

Keywords: Genetic divergence, Cluster analysis, Heterosis, Hybrid rice

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI)

Start Date: 00-00-1999

End Date: 00-00-2000

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To assess the genetic diversity among the available parental lines for hybrid rice and their associations with the heterosis of different characters.

Methodology:

Two Cytoplasmic-genetic Male Sterile (CMS) lines viz., IR62829A and IR58025A from International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) were crossed with 11 restorers viz., BR736R and BR827R from Bangladesh, IR21567R, IR29723R, IR34686R, IR48725R and IR50404R from IRRI, AjayaR from India, Gui99R, NH77R and Wan3R from China and hybrid seed of 22 combinations was produced. Thirteen parental lines and their 22 F₁s along with standard checks, BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 were grown in the experimental field of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) during boro, 1999- 2000 season. As the CMS lines themselves do not produce any seed their respective maintainer lines were used for yield and other related data. The experiment was laid out in RCB design with three replications. The plot size was four rows of 5.4m long with 20 cm X 20 cm spacing between rows and between plants. Thirty-day old seedlings were transplanted with single seedling per hill. All other cultural practices were done as and when necessary. Data on plant height (cm), days to flowering, panicles per hill, grains per panicle, sterility percentage (%), 1000 grain weight (g) were recorded from 10 randomly selected plants per plot and yield (g) per square meter area were recorded. Mean heterosis and correlation coefficient were calculated following standard statistical procedures. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done on sample mean basis for all characters. Genetic diversity was studied following Mahalanobis' generalized distance (D²). All the analyzes were carried out using GENSTAT 5 program in IBM computer.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 2(1): 111-116 (2004), A Scientific Journal of Krishi Foundation, ISSN 1729-5211

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Sufficient divergences were found among the parental lines for different characters. Negative heterosis was observed for plant height and days to flowering, which was positive for panicles per hill, number of filled grains and yield. Hybrid combination with parental clusters exhibited the highest heterosis. Genetic diversity among the parents and heterosis will be useful in designing the development of hybrid rice varieties.

Knowledge Management: Journal