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Effect of Feeding Regime and Dietary Protein of Growth Conversion, Protein Utilisation and Body Composition in Climbing Perch, Anabas Testudineus

M. Z. Ali
Bangladesh Fisherues Research Institute, Fresh Water Station, Mymensingh-2201

M. K. I. Haque
Fisheries Division, BARC, Feamgate.

M. Paul
Bangladesh Fisherues Research Institute, Fresh Water Station, Mymensingh-2201

M. H. Khan
Bangladesh Fisherues Research Institute, Fresh Water Station, Mymensingh-2201

S. C. Chakrabarty
Bangladesh Fisherues Research Institute, Fresh Water Station, Mymensingh-2201

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An eight week feeding trial was conducted in a static indoor rearing system with 18 cylindrical fibre glass tanks (80 cm diameter, 75 cm deep, 70-L each) to investigate the optimum feeding regime and dietary protein in climbing perch, Anabas testudineus (5.68 ± 0.05 g). Three types of fishmeal based diets were used: protein level at 28, 35 and 40%, gross energy (GE) at 12.39, 15.49 and 17.71 kJ g-1, protein to energy (PIE) ratios of 22.60-mg protein kJ-1 GE were fed to triplicate groups of 50 fish (per 70-L tank). Fish were fed either to satiation or according to a restricted feeding regime. Restricted feeding was performed by offering fish decreasing feed at 7.0, 5.6 and 4.9% of their body weight per day of diets containing 28, 35 and 40% protein. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) on growth rates, feed efficiency and protein utilization in either restricted or satiation feeding for a particular protein diet. Growth rates and feed efficiency did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) between fish fed diets containing 35 or 40% protein, but was lower (P < 0.05) for diet containing 28% protein. Whilst non significant (P > 0.05) values of protein utilization were found between feeding regimes and protein diets. Whole body compositions did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) on dietary protein level or feeding regime. This study revealed that satiation-feeding of a diet containing 35% protein is suitable for climbing perch, Anabas testudineus (Thai koi) under these conditions.

Keywords: Protein, Protien utilization, Climbing perch, Fish feeding, Fish, Freshwater

Location: Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-07-2010

End Date: 30-06-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

To examine the interactions between dietary protein level and feeding regime on growth, protein utilization and body composition, leading to optimization of feeding regime and dietary protein for Anabas testudineus.

Methodology:

Three experimental diets were formulated to contain 28, 35 and 40% crude protein and 12.39, 15.49 and 17.71 kJ g-¹gross energy. The diets have a P/E ratio of 22.60-mg protein kj^-1GE and lipid to carbohydrate ratio (UCHO ratio) gig of 0.65 was fixed on the basis of results obtained from previous studies for Anabas testudineus (Ali et al. 20 10). The required amount of ingredients along with vitamin and mineral premix were weighed and mixed homogenously. During mixing, oil was gradually poured into the mixture to assure homogeneity. Adequate amount of water was added to moisten the mixture to get a definite dough texture and then the mixture was extruded through 1 mm diameter die of a pellet machine (Hobart mixture machine, Model A200). The resultant diets were broken into smaller pieces and then sun dried. The pellets were made into bite size to be suitable for the fish. The experimental diets were separately packed in air-tight polyethylene bag and stored in a deep freeze for further use. Two weeks before the main experiment a preliminary trial was conducted to investigate the maximum ration (% body weight I day) of the low protein diet (28% CP), and fish accepted a maximum of 7% of their body weight daily, The experiment was conducted in a static indoor rearing system with 18 cylindrical fibre glass tanks (80 cm diameter, 75 cm deep, 70-L each). Artificial aeration was used to maintain an adequate level of dissolved oxygen in the test tanks. About sixty percent of the water in the system was replaced biweekly to avoid accumulation of waste. Water quality parameters such as temperature (27.00-34.50oC), pH (6.30-7.60), dissolved oxygen (5.20-7.40 mg/L) and ammonia (0.10-0.27 mg/L) remained within acceptable ranges for climbing perch. A total of one thousand 12-week old (average weight 5.68 ± 0.05 g) Anabas testudineus fingerlings collected from the Freshwater Station, of Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh were given a prophylactic treatment in 3% NaCl solution for 10 minutes, maintaining sufficient oxygen supply through artificial aeration. Proximate composition of diet ingredients, diets and whole body fish (carcass) was analysed in triplicate following AOAC (1990) methods. Nitrogen-free extract (NFE) was calculated as 100 - (% protein + % Lipid + % Ash + % Fibre). Gross energy was calculated according to Journey (1998). Specific growth rate (SGR), % weight gain, food conversion efficiency (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and apparent net protein utilisation (ANPU) were calculated as follows: SGR (% / day) = [(Ln. Final body weight - Ln. Initial body weight)/days x 1001 % Weight gain = (Final body weight -Initial body weight/Initial body weight x 100 FCR = Food fed (g dry weight)/Live weight gain (g) PER = Live weight gain (g)/Crude protein fed (g dry weight) ANPU (%) = (Final carcass protein - Initial carcass protein/Total dry protein consumed x 100 The growth performance, feed utilization, and whole body composition data were analysed using one-way ANOV A. Paired mean comparisons among the treatments were made using Duncan's Multiple Range Tests (Duncan, 1955). A significance level of P<0.05 was used. Standard deviation (± SD) was calculated to identify the range of means. Percentage data were arc-sine transformed prior to ANOVA and reversed afterwards.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculture, vol. 37(2)2011,(pa no.61-68) ISSN 0253-5408, BARC.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Growth rates and feed efficiency did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) between fish fed diets containing 35 or 40% protein, but was lower (P < 0.05) for diet containing 28% protein. Whilst non significant (P > 0.05) values of protein utilization were found between feeding regimes and protein diets. Whole body compositions did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) on dietary protein level or feeding regime. This study revealed that satiation-feeding of a diet containing 35% protein is suitable for climbing perch, Anabas testudineus (Thai koi) under these conditions.

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