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Survey of Plant Parasitic Nematodes of Sugarcane in Bangladesh

M. Iqbal
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh.

M. U. Ahmad
Professor
Dept of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

I. Hossaln
Professor
Dept of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

I. H. Mian
Professor
Dept of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur.

K. M. N. lslam
Joint Director
Seed testing laboratory, BADC, Dhaka.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The Meloidogyne spp. were the most widely distributed plant parasitic nematodes of sugarcane in Bangladesh. Soil samples collected from ten mill zones contained root-knot nematodes. In the country, Meloidogyne spp. are widely distributed and attack the most of the crop species. They were also reported earlier as pests of sugarcane in Bangladesh. The other plant parasitic nematodes recorded in present study as pests of sugarcane were Hoplolaimus, Longidorus, Pratylenchus, Trichodorus, Tylenchorhynchus and Xiphinema. The populations of plant parasitic nematodes ranged from 114.1 to 773.3/litre soil in ten mill zones, namely, PBSM, NBSM, JSM, RJSM, SH"SM, ZBSM, TSM, STSM, Carew & Co. and FSM. The highest population was found in SHSM Zone, which was significantly higher as compared to other nine mill zones. The maximum of 682.3 plant parasitic nematodes per kilogram of roots were collected from FSM Zone, which was significantly higher as compared to other nine mill zones. In all mill zones, the lowest population of Meloidogyne spp. was recorded in soil collected before planting. The populations increased gradually with the progress of time after planting of sugarcane. The maximum populations of the nematode were found in soils collected at harvesting stage from all mill zones.

Keywords: Sugarcane, Parasitic nematodes, Population.

Location: Pabna Sugar Mills, North Bengal sugar mills, Joypurhat sugar mills, Rajshahi sugar mills, Shyampur sugar mills, Zeal Bangia sugar mills, Thakurgaon sugar mill, Setabgonj sugar mill, Carew & Co., Faridpur sugar mills

Start Date: 01-01-1998

End Date: 31-12-1999

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Sugarcane

Objectives:

To find out the plant parasitic nematodes associated with sugarcane in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

A comprehensive survey was conducted to study the population of plant parasitic nematodes of sugarcane. The survey was conducted during 1998-99 throughout sugarcane growing areas of 10 sugarcane mill zones, namely, Pabna Sugar Mills (PBSM), North Bengal sugar mills (NBSM), Joypurhat sugar mills (JSM), Rajshahi sugar mills (RJSM), Shyampur sugar mills (SHSM), Zeal Bangia sugar mills (ZBSM), Thakurgaon sugar mill (TSM), Setabgonj sugar mill (STSM), Carew & Co. and Faridpur sugar mills (FSM) in Bangladesh. From each sugarcane field 20 and 5 spots were selected randomly for collection of soil and root samples respectively. About one litre soil was col- lected from each plot of a sugarcane field just before planting (October/November), at the middle of growing period (May/June) and at the harvesting stage of cane (November/ December). Soils cores were collected from the root zones around the sugarcane stool, at a depth of 15 cm with a soil auger. All soil cores collected from a field were mixed thoroughly and 15 kg of the composite soil sample of each field was brought to the laboratory for nematode extraction and other studies. In a crop season, root samples of sugarcane were collected at the middle of growing stage and at harvesting stage from the selected fields of all 10 mill zones. Sugar plants were uprooted from five spots of each selected field and roots were cut from the base of the stalks. The roots collected from field were washed with tap water, mixed together and 250 g of root samples was obtained from each field to extract nematodes associated with the roots. Nematodes were extracted from soil and root following modified Whitehead's tray method. The nematodes extracted from soil and root-samples were grouped as plant parasitic and non plant parasitic nematodes based on presence of stylet. The plant parasitic nematodes were identified upto genus level comparing their morphology and morphometrics with the description of Commonwealth Institute of Parasitology (previously CIH). The root-knot nematodes were identified upto species level studying their morphology and perineal pattern. The populations of identified genera of plant parasitic nematodes extracted from soil and root samples were counted. For counting, nematode suspension was mounted on a counting slide (1 ml capacity) and observed under a dissecting steriomicroscope. Their population was expressed as number of individual nematode per litre of soil and per kilogram of roots. The population of root-knot nematodes associated with soil was determined using bioassay technique. About 250 cm3 of each of the samples collected from 10 sugar mill zones was poured into 15 cm earthen pot. Two 25 days old tomato/brinjal seedlings (susceptible variety) grown on nematode free soil was transplanted in each pot. The remaining part of the pot was filled with formalin sterilized sandy loam soil. The 15 cm pots were placed in 20 cm earthen pots to protect them from contamination with surrounding soil of the pot yard. The seedlings were allowed to grow for 21 days providing necessary fertilizer and irrigation. At the end of the growing period, the tomato plants were removed from pots to minimize pot damage. The root systems were washed in running tap water to clean associated dirt and stained with lactophenol cotton blue to count nematode population in roots.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH JOURNAL OF SUGARCANE, Vol. 24-27, pp. 82-92, July 2005, ISSN- 1991-8925.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The populations of Meloidogyne spp. in soils were the most widely distributed plant parasitic nematodes of sugarcane in Bangladesh. Soil samples collected from ten mill zones contained root-knot nematodes. In the country, Meloidogyne spp. are widely distributed and attack the most of the crop species. They were also reported earlier as pests of sugarcane in Bangladesh. The other plant parasitic nematodes recorded in present study as pests of sugarcane were Hoplolaimus, Longidorus, Pratylenchus, Trichodorus, Tylenchorhynchus and Xiphinema. The populations of plant parasitic nematodes ranged from 114.1 to 773.3/litre soil in ten mill zones, namely, PBSM, NBSM, JSM, RJSM, SH"SM, ZBSM, TSM, STSM, Carew & Co. and FSM. The highest population was found in SHSM Zone, which was significantly higher as compared to other nine mill zones. The maximum of 682.3 plant parasitic nematodes per kilogram of roots were collected from FSM Zone, which was significantly higher as compared to other nine mill zones. In all mill zones, the lowest population of Meloidogyne spp. was recorded in soil collected before planting. The populations increased gradually with the progress of time after planting of sugarcane. The maximum populations of the nematode were found in soils collected at harvesting stage from all mill zones.

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