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Micropropagation of Sugarcane Varieties for Rapid Multiplication and High Quality Seeds (hqs) Production (2011-12)

Asish Kumar Ghose
Scientific Officer
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna

Nadira Islam
Scientific Officer
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna

Kuasha Mahmud
Senior Scientific Officer
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna

Dr. Md. Amzad Hossain
Chief Scientific Officer
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna

Purnandu Biswas
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali.

Dr. Md. Shamsur Rahman
Senior Scientific Officer
Pathology Division, Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This experiment was conducted to optimize variety specific media and explant for micro propagation at BSRI Lab and Field during the cropping season 2011-12. Shoot tips, spindle leaf roll transverse sections (TS) and spindle leaf segments as explants of varieties Isd 16, Isd 32, Isd 33, Isd 34, Isd 35, Isd 36, Isd 39 and Isd 40 were inoculated on optimized media. There was no considerable contamination of explants during initial establishment of shoots. Contamination free initial establishment was achieved due to the young developing tightly furled leaves and the innermost leaves which were free from microbial contamination. The initial establishment required about 40-60 days depending on the varieties. Among the three explants, shoot tip was more responsive to produce shoot establishment followed by leaf segments and spindle leaf TS. The shoot tip explants contained meristematic tissues and axillary buds which enhance easy establishment and quick shoots production. For in vitro mass micro propagation of sugarcane shoot tips are better than spindle leaf explants because shoot tip is much safer and fast growing portion of the plant. Varietals differences were existed for initial shoot establishment and shoot production. Sugarcane varieties Isd 16, Isd 32, Isd 35, Isd 36, Isd 39 and Isd 40 were more responsive to initial shoot establishment and production of multiple shoots. Rate of shoots multiplication of sugarcane varieties Isd 32, Isd 35 and Isd 36 were 4 fold at an interval of 15 days. This was perhaps due to the internal compositions of the varieties, among them hormones and phenolic compounds might be the considerable candidatures. All most all of shoots from in vitro test tube were established in ex vitro poly bags. More than 5,000 micro propagated plants of varieties Isd 16, Isd 32, Isd 35, Isd 36, Isd 39 and Isd 40 were hardened and transplanted in the field. In the field micro propagated plants showed significantly higher establishment, tiller number, millable cane and yield than other planting materials. Micropropageted plants gave the highest cane yield than other planting materials and it was 1.4 times higher than three budded setts.

Keywords: Sugarcane, Micropropagation, Explant ,

Location: BSRI Lab and Field

Start Date: 01-07-2011

End Date: 30-06-2012

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Sugarcane

Objectives:

1.To optimize variety specific media for micro propagation

.2. To evaluate field performances of micro propagated plants

3.. To evaluate genetic stability in micro propagated plants using DNA Fingerprinting.

Methodology:

The BSRI-bred varieties were included in the investigation. Shoot tip, meristem and basal spindle leaf portion were excised and were used as explants for micro propagation. Media were manipulated and optimise for different varieties to get maximum multiplication rate. Micro propagated plantlets were hardened and will be planted in the field for performance studies.2. Plantlets produced through shoot tip and meristem culture were supplied to Pathology Division to test against mosaic, red rot and other diseases.3. Genetic stability of micro propagated plants were tested using DNA Fingerprinting.

Source of Information: Annual Report 2012-13, BSRI

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 2,50,000.00

Total Budget (Tk.) : 2,50,000.00

Achievement/Findings:

Shoot tips, basal spindle leaf roll transverse sections (TS) and basal spindle leaf segments of sugarcane varieties such as Isd 16, Isd 32, Isd 33, Isd 34, Isd 35, Isd 36, Isd 39 and Isd 40 were used to produce high quality seeds (HQS) production by optimized media. Micropropageted plants gave the highest cane yield than other planting materials and it was 1.4 times higher than three budded setts.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings