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Optimization of Sulphur Requirement to Sesame (sesamum Indicum L.) Genotypes Using Tracer Techniques

Dr. M. Badruddin
Senior Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal, PhD
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Four sesame genotypes viz., T6, SM4, SM7 and SM8 were verified with three levels of sulphur 10, 20 and 40 kg/ha including control. Factorial experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with four replications. Biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll, nitrate reductase, amino acid and total sugar in leaves, total dry mass production, total nitrogen accumulation in seeds and seed yield increased with sulphur application up to 20 kg S/ha. Application of 40 kg S/ha had no significant benefit on biochemical parameters, dry matter and seed yield of sesame though ³⁵S uptake in seeds increased with increasing sulphur levels till 40 kg/ha. The biochemical traits and nutrients uptake were superior in SM4 than other genotypes which resulted in the highest seed yield of SM4. Among the sulphur levels, 20 kg S/ha showed the maximum seed yield in all the genotypes. Therefore, sulphur @ 20 kg/ha can be recommended for getting maximum productivity of sesame genotypes.

Keywords: Biochemical activities, 35S tracer techniques, Sulphur requirement, Sesame yield

Location: Pot yard, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-2004

End Date: 00-00-2005

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Sesame

Objectives:

To assess the importance of sulphur in biochemical activities, nitrogen and sulphur uptake and yield of sesame genotypes.

Methodology:

Pot experiment was conducted in the glasshouse at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh in 2004 and 2005. Each pot was filled with 10 kg sand and the pots were arranged following two factors completely randomized design with four replications. Four variety/mutant lines of sesame viz., T-6 (mother), SM4, SM7 and SM8 were used in this experiment. Ten seeds were sown on 05 and 10 March in the year of 2007 and 2008, respectively and allowed two seedlings per pots. Modified Letcombe nutrient solution (Hewitt 1966) containing @ 1 mM KH₂PO₄, 0.092 mM H₃BO₃, 0.0967 mM Fe-EDTA, 0.0025 mM CuCl₂, 0.00016 mM NH₄MO₇O₂ , 0.0928 mM MnCl₂ and 0.0077 mM ZnCl₂ were applied for P, B, Fe, Cu, Mo, Mn and Zn, respectively. To maintain 30 kg N/ha KNO₃ , Ca (NO₃)₂ and NaNO₃ @ 2.5, 1 and 2 mM, respectively (jointly equal to 30 kg N/ha) were applied each pot as N-source in every week up to maturity. Sulphur @ 0.15, 0.3 and 0.6 mM for first 6 weeks and 0.225, 0.45 and 0.9 mM for next 6 weeks from MgSO₄, 7H₂O were applied to maintain 10, 20, and 40 kg S/ha, respectively. In control (–S) pots, magnesium @ 2 mM from MgCl₂ were applied throughout the growing period. Biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll, nitrate reductase, amino acid and total sugar in leaves were determined at reproductive stage. For S-uptake and transport study, isotope of S was applied in the pot at the above mentioned rates during siliqua filling stage. No ³⁵S applied in the control pots. ³⁵S determined was at different plant parts. Biochemical parameters and ³⁵S isotope uptake were studied only in 2004. The collected data were subjected to statistical analyses as per the design used.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot., 41 (1): 7-13, 2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Sulfur @ 20 kg/ha is the optimum dose for sufficient plant growth and development of sesame.

Knowledge Management: Journal