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Morpho-physiological Studies of Wheat

M. S. U. BHUIYA
Department of Agronomy, BAU, Mymensingh

A. M. A. KAMAL
Department of Agronomy, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was set up at the Agronomy Field laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Myrnansingh, during November 1989 to March 1990 to identify the developmental stages and their duration in five varieties and two advanced lines of wheat. Twelve stages under six phases were identified with their durations which were the Emergence stage (0-8 days), the Seedling stage (9-18 days), the Crown root stage (17-29 days), the Early tillering stage (22-43 days), the Jointing stage (33-51 days), the Late tillering stage (42-59 days), the Booting stage (51-65 days), the Heading stage (56-75 days), the Flowering stage (61-81 days), the Milk stage (65-86 days), the Dough stage (79-91 days) and the Ripening stage (92-115 days). The differentiation of the shoot apex including the spike took place during the seedling and early tillering stages of growth.

Keywords: Wheat, Morphological development, Growth phase, Growth stage.

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-1989

End Date: 00-03-1990

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To determine the duration of each of these phases and stages of development in five different wheat varieties grown in Bangladesh and two advanced lines under field condition.

Methodology:

A field experiment was set up at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during November 1989 to March 1990. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Five varieties of wheat Akbar, Kanchan, Pavan, Agrani and Barkat collected from wheat Research Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute and two advanced lines 66.1 and 78 obtained from the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding of Bangladesh Agricultural University were included in the experiment. The land was opened by a tractor plough and prepared by country plough followed by laddering. Before last ploughing the land was fertilized with urea, triple superphosphate and muriate of potash at the rates of 100, 100 and 40 kg/ha, respectively. Seeds were drilled on 2 December 1989 at the rate of 100 kg/ha in lines 25cm apart. Two times weeding was done during the growth period. The crop was harvested at maturity. During the study period 10 sample plants were marked in each plot to count leaf number and study longevity of each Ieaf. Two plants from each plot were collected every alternate day to determine various growth phases and stages and their duration. Two seedlings per plot were observed for their external morphology, and thereafter their growing points, the shoot apices, were dissected and the internal morphology was studied under the microscope.

Source of Information: Proc. BAU Res. Prog. 5: 180-186,1991

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The growing point of shoot was found to be composed of packed nodes, internodes and the spike. The differentiation of the shoot apex took place during the seedling and early tillering stage of growth. Optimum supply of growth factors at these stages should increase the potential yield of wheat greatly.

Knowledge Management: Journal