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Genetic Variability and Selection Response to Heat Tolerance Through Membrane Thermostability in Spring Wheat (triticum Aestivum L)

N. C. D. Barma
Wheat Research Centre Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

M. A. Islam
Wheat Research Centre Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

M. A. Hakim
Wheat Research Centre Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

D. K. R. Sarker
Wheat Research Centre Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present investigation was undertaken to study the genetic variability and selection response of heat tolerance measured through membrane thermostability (MTS) in F₂ derived F₄and F₅ generations of five wheat crosses: Kanchan × Gourab, Gourab × Fang 60, Kanchan × Pavon 76, Gourab × Pavon76 and Fang 60 × Pavon76. Each cross was consisted of 65, 60, 77, 72 and 64 F₄ bulks including two parents. The study was conducted both in the field and laboratory of Wheat Research Centre, Dinajpur during 2002-03 and 2003-04. A completely randomized design for laboratory experiment and randomized complete block design for field experiments was followed with three replications. Acquired thermal tolerance through Membrane Thermo-stability assay was performed in controlled environment as per method described by Ibrahim and Quick (2001). Other morpho-physiological traits were measured from field experiment. The crosses Kanchan × Gourab, Kanchan × Pavon 76 and Fang 60 × Pavon76 showed high genetic variability with high population mean for MTS in F₄ bulks. These crosses also exhibited high-observed response to selection, realized heritability and heritability in standard unit indicating expected good gain through early generation selection. Direct response to selection for this trait was significant in these crosses in F₅ generation. Direct selection for MTS significantly improved biomass, grain yield, thousand grain weight, grain filling rate and canopy temperature depression in crosses Kanchan × Pavon 76, Gourab × Pavon76 and Fang 60 × Pavon76 with few exceptions. Direct selection of MTS also improved chlorophyll retention at 21 days after anthesis in crosses Gourab × Fang 60 and Gourab × Pavon76. Significant intergeneration correlations (F₄vs. F₅) were observed for MTS in all five crosses studied indicating possibility of effective improvement of this trait through selection in early generation.

Keywords: Membrane thermostability, Selection response, Realized heritability, Intergeneration correlation.

Location: Wheat Research Centre, Dinajpur

Start Date: 00-00-2002

End Date: 00-00-2003

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To determine the genetic variability and selection response for MTS as a measure of heat tolerance in F₂ derived F₄ and F₅ generations in five crosses of wheat.

Methodology:

Genetic variability of MTS in F₄ generation The F₂derived F₄ progenies of five crosses were used in this experiment to study the genetic variability of MTS as a measure of heat tolerance. Five crosses i.e. Kanchan x Gourab, Kanchan x Pavon 76, Gourab x Fang 60, Gourab x Pavon 76 and Fang 60 x Pavon 76 were included in this study. Among the parents, Kanchan, Gourab and Fang 60 were moderately tolerant to heat stress and Pavon 76 was heat sensitive. The number of progenies in each cross along with the parents was 65, 60, 77, 72 and 64. The study was conducted in the laboratory and field of Wheat Research Centre, Dinajpur, during 2002-03. A completely randomized design for laboratory experiment and randomized complete block design for field experiment with three replications was followed. Unit plot size for field experiment was 1.5m x 4 rows for F₄. The collected data were analyzed statistically for ANOVA using computer based statistical package MSTAT-C. Acquired thermal tolerance through Membrane Thermo Stability assay was performed with 8-10 days old seedlings under controlled environment following method described by Ibrahim and Quick (2001a). Field data were collected on biomass (BM), grain yield (GY), grain filling rate (GFR), canopy temperature depression (CTD), chlorophyll retention at 21 DAA (CHL 21), 1000-grain weight (TGW), days to anthesis and physiological maturity from field experiments. Middle 2 rows were harvested at ground level to estimate biomass (g m^-2), grain yield (g m^-2) and grain filling rate (g m-2 d-1).The mean data of MTS were ranked using EXCEL program and top 20 bulks were selected for growing next year as F₅ progenies. Genetic parameters such as genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation and heritability in broad sense were estimated according to the formula suggested by Burton (1951). Genetic advance in percentage of mean (GA %) was calculated using h²b with the formula given by Comstock and Robinson (1952).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 23(2): 15-22, 2011

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The crosses Kanchan × Gourab, Kanchan × Pavon 76 and Fang 60 × Pavon76 showed high genetic variability with high population mean for MTS in F₄ bulks. These crosses also exhibited high-observed response to selection, realized heritability and heritability in standard unit indicating expected good gain through early generation selection. Direct response to selection for this trait was significant in these crosses in F₅ generation. Direct selection for MTS significantly improved biomass, grain yield, thousand grain weight, grain filling rate and canopy temperature depression in crosses Kanchan × Pavon 76, Gourab × Pavon76 and Fang 60 × Pavon76 with few exceptions. Direct selection of MTS also improved chlorophyll retention at 21 days after anthesis in crosses Gourab × Fang 60 and Gourab × Pavon76. Significant intergeneration correlations (F₄vs. F₅) were observed for MTS in all five crosses studied indicating possibility of effective improvement of this trait through selection in early generation.

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