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Isolation and Characterization of Staphylococcus Aureus from Raw Cow Milk in Bangladesh

Mueena Jahan
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Marzia Rahman
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Md. Shafiullah Parvej
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Shah Md. Ziqrul Haq Chowdhury
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC), Dhaka-1202, Bangladesh.

Md. Enamul Haque
School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.

Md. Abdul Khaleque Talukder
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh. Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Sultan Ahmed
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was intended for identification and characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw cow milk. A total of 47 milk samples were collected from Sheshmore, Shutiakhali and Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy Farm, Mymensingh. Using bacteriological, biochemical and PCR-based identification schemes, 12 (25.53%) isolates were confirmed as S. aureus. All the isolates showed β-hemolysis on 5% sheep blood agar. S. aureus specific nuc gene (target size 279-bp) was amplified in the cases of all isolates. The isolates were found as resistant to Penicillin (100%), Erythromycin (75%) and Amoxicillin (100%). On the other hand, the isolates were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin (83.33%), Oxacillin (100%), Cloxacillin (100%) and Neomycin (100%). The isolated S. aureus showed increased resistance to broad spectrum antibiotic (e.g., Ciprofloxacin). As many people have a tendency to drink raw milk and raw milk products, there is high risk of S. aureus infection in human.

Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin resistance, Nuc gene, MecA gene

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Dairy Farm; Sheshmore area and Shutiakhali area of Mymensingh,

Start Date: 00-12-2012

End Date: 00-05-2013

Program Area: Food Safety and Security

Commodity: Cow

Objectives:

The study was intended for identification and characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw cow milk.

Methodology:

Sample collection: A total of 47 raw milk samples (approximately 10 mL from each) of apparently healthy cow were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Dairy Farm; Sheshmore area and Shutiakhali area of Mymensingh, Bangladesh using sterile test tube. The samples were collected from December 2012 to May 2013 and investigation was carried out following collection. The laboratory works were accomplished in the laboratories of the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University. Isolation and identification of S. aureus: The collected milk samples (0.01 mL) were streaked onto 5% sheep blood agar (HiMedia®, India) incubated at 37°C for overnight. The presumptive colonies of S. aureus were further cultured onto mannitol salt agar (MSA) and repeatedly sub-cultured to get pure culture. These isolates were preserved for further bacterial identification. The isolates were identified as S. aureus on the basis of Gram staining, colony morphology on mannitol salt agar (MSA) (HiMedia®, India), beta-hemolytic patterns on blood agar enriched with 5% (v/v) sheep blood, catalase and coagulase tests. To perform agglutination tests, the pure colony of S. aureus were placed on the clean glass slide using sterile inoculation loop and a drop of respective reagents were added and mixed with the loop. For catalase and coagulase tests 3% hydrogen peroxide and fresh rabbit plasma were used respectively. Further the isolates were confirmed by amplification of S. aureus specific nuc gene.

Source of Information: J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 2(1): 49-55.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Raw milk samples from different farms at Mymensingh, Bangladesh were tested. Overall, 25.53% (n=12/47) isolates were confirmed as S. aureus by PCR targeting nuc gene. The isolates were resistant to Penicillin (100%), Amoxicillin (100%), and Erythromycin (75%). On the other hand, the isolates were found to be sensitive against Ciprofloxacin (83.33%), Oxacillin (100%), and Neomycin (100%). Resistance pattern against broad spectrum antibiotic (e.g., Ciprofloxacin) depicts an alarming situation, which needs special attention

Knowledge Management: Journal