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Chemical Quality of Surface Water of Bhola Sadar Upazila in Bangladesh for Irrigation, Aquaculture, Drinking and Livestock Consumption

M. F. karim
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. W. Zaman
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

R. Sultana
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. U. Nizam
Patuakhali Science and Technology University.

M. R. Kamruzzaman
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was carried out with 25 pond water samples of Bhola Sadar Upazila to assess the quality of surface water for irrigation, aquaculture, drinking and livestock consumption. Chemical analyses of different parameters were done to assess the quality of water. All of the water samples showed slightly acidic in nature. Sixteen surface water samples were not suitable for drinking and aquaculture in respect of pH (pH <6.5). Electrical conductivity (EC) categorized the waters as “low salinity” (C1) to “medium salinity” (C2) class for irrigation. With respect to total dissolved solids surface waters were within “highest desirable limit” for drinking and irrigation and suitable for livestock consumption and aquaculture. Calcium and Magnesium content rated the samples as “maximum permissible” and “highest desirable” limit for drinking. All the samples were suitable for drinking in case of Na and K, 21 samples were not suitable for aquaculture due to higher (>5.0 mg L^-1) K content. Six samples were unsuitable for livestock due to higher (Cl >30mgL^{- 1}) Cl values. SSP rated 9 samples as “good”, 1 as “excellent”, 6 as “doubtful” and 9 as “permissible” for irrigation. With respect to RSC 21 samples were “suitable”, 3 were “marginal” and 1 was “unsuitable” for irrigation. Hardness classified 14 samples within “moderately hard”, 10 within “soft” and only one as “hard” limit for irrigation and 1 sample (No. 16) was unsuitable for livestock consumption. P, B, Cu and As concentration categorized all the samples suitable for irrigation, aquaculture, drinking and livestock consumption.

Keywords: Bhola Sadar, Irrigation water, Surface water, Suitability, Safe drinking water, Water quality

Location: Bhola Sadar Upazila

Start Date: 00-03-2012

End Date: 00-04-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water quality

Objectives:

1. To find out the chemical quality of surface water and their suitability for irrigation, aquaculture, livestock farming and drinking.

Methodology:

Twenty five pond water samples were collected from the different locations of Bhola sadar Upazila (Largest Island) in Bangladesh which cover a part of Young Meghna Estuarine Floodplain (AEZ 18). The samples were collected during March to April, 2012. All the samples were collected in 0.5 L clean plastic bottle previously washed with diluted hydrochloric acid (1:1) followed by distilled water and was sealed immediately to avoid air exposure. During sampling, all the waters were colorless, odorless, tasteless and also free from turbidity. The chemical analyses were performed at the laboratory of Agricultural Chemistry Department and Prof. Mohammad Hossain central laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University. The pH, EC and TDS was determined by standard method. CO3 and HCO3 were determined acidimetrically and argentometric titration was followed for the determination of Cl. Ca and Mg were determined by complex metric method of titration. Na and K were determined by flame photometrically. Cu and As were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. P was determined colorimatrically by stannous chloride method. B was determined by Azomethine-H method. Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) and Hardness (HT) were calculated following standard formula. The statistical analyses of the analytical results obtained from water samples were performed with the help of computer package M-STAT.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 131 - 140, 2013; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is concluded that all of the water samples were slightly acidic in nature in respect of pH and is suitable for drinking. Majority were unsuitable for aquaculture.

Knowledge Management: Journal