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Effect of Industrial Sludge on Concentration and Distribution Pattern of Lead, Cadmium and Nickel in Root, Stem and Leaf of Red Amaranth (amaranthus Gangeticus L.) in Silty Clay Loam Soil

M.A. RAUF
Soil Resources Development Institute, Regional laboratory, Farmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

P. PARKPIAN
School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand.

M.T.I. MIAH
Ministry of Agriculture, Bangladesh Secretariat, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the concentration and distribution of Lead, Cadmium and Nickel in industrial sludge. The test crop was Red Amaranth (Amaranthus gangeticus L.). Nitrogen was applied comprising the five combinations of different proportion of urea and industrial sludge and a control. Red Amaranth was harvested at 30 and 42 Days after sowing (DAS). Different physical and chemical analysis of soil, sludge, root, stem and leaf of the plant were carried out as required. Heavy metals concentration indicated the trends of Pb>Ni>Cd and distribution pattern of Pb, Cd and Ni were identified Leaf> root> stem, Root> leaf> stem and Root> leaf> stem respectively, both at 30 and 42 DAS with little exception. Industrial sludge had a significant influence on heavy metal concentration and distribution and contaminant food chain, although the data were below the maximum acceptable level

Keywords: Industrial sludge, Concentration, Distribution pattern, Lead, Cadmium, Nickel, Red Amaranth

Location: BARI, Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Amaranth

Objectives:

To assess the safety and feasibility of consuming red amaranth grown in area contaminated with industrial sludge

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in pot in a net house of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh. The experimental site was located at latitude 24?05?N, longitude 90?16?E and altitude 8.4 m AMSL. Soil was silty clay loam belonging to Chiaata series in the Bangladesh soil classification system (Brammer and Saheed 1984). Industrial sludge was collected from ‘Islam dyeing’ and ‘Dundy dyeing’ industry at Konabari, Gazipur and Badsha, Niki and Combined dyeing industry at Katchpur, Narayanganj. The test crop was Red Amaranth (Amaranthus gangeticus L.), variety “BARI Lalshak-1”. The experiments were designed to provide nutrient and heavy metals to red amaranth using different ratios of urea and industrial sludge. Six treatment combinations were prepared as T_1.UN100 + SN0 (100% urea-N + 0% sludge-N), T₂. UN75 + SN25 (75% urea-N + 25% sludge-N), T₃. UN50 + SN50 (50% urea-N + 50% sludge-N), T₄. UN25 + SN75 (25% urea-N + 75% sludge-N), T₅_.UN0 + SN100 (0% urea-N +100% sludge-N) and T₆_. Control (0% urea-N + 0% sludge-N). TheEffect of industrial sludge on concentration 69 experiment was conducted in completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. Phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) were applied at the rate of 40 and 112.5 kg/ha, respectively as per fertilizer recommendation guide-2005. Accordingly, each pot (5.0 kg of oven dry soil) was given approximately 0.09 g P and 0.25 g K using triple super phosphate (19.78% P) and muriate of potash (50% K). Nitrogen was applied at the rate of 250 kg/ha and each pot received 0.6 g of N in the combinations of urea and sludge, depending upon the treatments. Soil samples were collected initially, intermittently and after harvesting the crop. Three soil columns were collected from each pot using a core sampler to the depth of 20 cm. These samples were then mixed to make a composite sample, air-dried, ground, sieved and stored in labeled polythene bags for laboratory analysis. Plant height was measured at 30 and 42 DAS, i.e. just prior to harvesting, in which the height of every plant in each pot from the soil level up to the apical bud was measured and average plant height was calculated and recorded. The plants were then uprooted (when soil was moist), properly washed and leaves, stems and roots were separated. Both fresh and oven dry weights were recorded after drying in an oven for 72 hours at 70 0C. These samples were separately ground, labelled and stored for laboratory analysis. The Particle-size analysis of the soil was made by combination of sieving and hydrometer method as described by Day (1965) and textural classes were determined by Marshall’s Triangular Coordinate curve. In both soil and industrial sludge samples, pH was determined with distilled water (1:2.5) by Metrohm 691 digital pH meter (Jackson 1973). Organic carbon was determined using the dry combustion method, for which the LECO Model C 200 analyzer was used. The organic matter concentrations in samples were computed by multiplying the organic carbon concentration with 1.72 (Nelson and Sommers 1982). Total N was estimated by Micro-kjeldhal method (Jackson 1973).

Source of Information: J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 38(1): 67-74, June 2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Heavy metals concentration indicated the trends of Pb>Ni>Cd and distribution pattern of Pb, Cd and Ni were identified Leaf> root> stem, Root> leaf> stem and Root> leaf> stem respectively, both at 30 and 42 DAS with little exception. Industrial sludge had a significant influence on heavy metal concentration and distribution and contaminant food chain, although the data were below the maximum acceptable level

Knowledge Management: Journal