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Effect of Variety, Date of Planting and Level of Phosphorus on Growth Characteristics and Seed Yield of Mungbean

F.M. J. Uddin
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.A.R. Sarkar
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A. A. Mamun
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To find out the effect of planting date and level of phosphorous on the growth characteristics and yield of different varieties of mungbean an experiment was conducted during September to December 2009 at the at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. In the experiment three mungbean varieties viz. BARIMung-5, BARIMung-6 and BINAMung-6, three planting dates viz. 15 September, 30 September and 15 October and three levels of phosphorus viz. 0, 40, and 80 kg P₂O₅ha^-1 were used. The experiment was laid out in a three factors randomized complete block design with three replications. Among the varieties BARIMung-6 produced the highest plant height ( 49.08 cm), number of branches plant ^-1(2.63), number of nodules plant^-1( 18.00), leaf area plant ^-1(580.60 cm²) root length (17.61cm) and root dry weight ( 0.878 g) at harvest. BARIMung-6 also produced the highest seed yield (1.10 t ha^-1), which was similar to BARIMung-5. The lowest seed yield (0.99 t ha^-1) and other growth characteristics were observed in BINAMung-6. Among the dates of planting, the highest plant height at harvest (62.37 cm), number of branches plant ^-1(2.63), number of nodules plant^-1(18.00), leaf area plant ^-1(849.26 cm²) root length (21.01cm) and root dry weight (0.89 g) and seed yield (1.17 t ha^-1) were obtained on 15 September planting and the lowest on 15 October planting. The highest plant height at harvest (48.826 cm), number of branches plant ^-1(2.59), number of nodules plant^-1(16.00), leaf area plant ^-1(552.09cm²) root length (16.8cm) and root dry weight (0.82 g)seed yield (1.13 t ha^-1) were obtained in 80 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 followed by 40 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 and the lowest seed yield (0.98 t ha^-1) in control (no phosphorus application) treatment. In case of interaction, the variety BARIMung-6 planted on 15 September with 80 kg P₂O₅ha^-1 was superior in relation to plant height, number of branches plant^-1, number of nodules plant^-1, leaf area plant^-1, root length and root dry weight compared to other varieties, which resulted in the highest seed yield. BARIMung-5 planted on 15 September with 80 kg P₂O₅ha^-1 also produced the similar yield. Seed yield of mungbean was found to have a significant positive correlation (r= 0.731*) with leaf area. In contrast, the lowest plant height, number of branches plant^-1, number of nodules plant^-1, leaf area plant^-1, root length, root dry weight and seed yield were found in BINAMung-6 planted on 15 October with control (no phosphorus application) treatment.

Keywords: Mungbean, Varieties, Date Of Planting, Level Of Phosphorus, Seed Yield.

Location: the Agronomic Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-09-2009

End Date: 00-12-2009

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

To find out the effect of variety, date of planting and level of phosphorus on growth characteristics and seed yield of mungbean.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomic Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during September to December 2009. The experiment was conducted in 3 factor randomized complete block design with three replications. The unit plot size was 4m x 2.5m. There were 81 plots in the experiment. Initially, the experimental area was divided into three blocks to represent three replications. Each replication contained 27 plots. Twenty seven treatment combinations were randomly assigned in each replication. Block to block and plot to plot distance was 1m and 0.5m respectively. The layout of the experiment was done on 10 September 2009. The land was opened with a power tiller on 1 September 2009. Later on, ploughing and cross ploughing were done with country plough followed by laddering. Weeds, stubble and crop residues were removed. The corners of the field were spaded and large clods were broken. Land preparation was completed on 3 September 2009. Urea and muriate of potash were applied at the rate of 50 and 35 kg ha^-1respectively, during final land preparation at each planting date as a basal dose. Phosphorus was applied in the form of TSP following the treatment specification of the experiment as basal dose. Mungbean seeds were treated with rhizobium inoculums at the laboratory of BINA. Inoculum was mixed with molasses and then seeds were treated with this mixture early in the morning immediately before planting in the field. The inoculum was mixed at the rate of 3 g kg^-1 of seeds. Seeds were planted on three planting dates viz. 15 September, 30 September and 15 October at the rate of 45 kg ha^-1 for all varieties viz. BARIMung-5, BARIMung-6 and BINAMung-6 varieties in 30 cm apart rows. In each row plant to plant distance of 10 cm was maintained finally by thinning out of excess plants. Weeding and thinning were done at 20 days after planting of mungbean seeds. First weeding was done at the time of first thinning and second weeding and thinning were done at 35 days after planting of mungbean seeds. No irrigation was applied during the experimental period as there was no symptom of moisture stress. The experimental plots were frequently observed to notice any change in plant character and attack of pests and disease on the crop. The crop was attacked by pod borer which was controlled successfully by applying Diazinon 60 EC @ 1.7 L ha^-1. When 80% of the pods turned brown in colour, the crop was assessed to attain maturity. The collected data were analyzed statistically using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for each of the characters under study was done by F (variance) ratio. The difference among treatment means was compared by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (Gomez and Gomez, 1984) with the help of a computer based statistical package programme MSTAT-C.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Seed Sci. & Tech. 14 (1 &2): 177-182 (2010), ISSN 1029 - 8800

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. United States Agency for International Development

Budget: 250000

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In an evaluation of 4 mungbean varieties viz., BINAmung-2, BINAmung-5, BARImung-2 and BARImung-5, result revealed that the mean value over three years, BINAmung-5 had the highest seed yield (1091 kg ha^-1) than the other tested varieties because of produced greater number of pods plant^-1 and 1000- seed weight. The highest plant height (62.37 cm), number of branches (2.63), number of nodules plant^-1(18.00), leaf area plant^-1(849.3 cm²), root length plant^-1(21.01 cm), root dry weight plant^-1(0.89 g) and seed yield (1.17 t ha^-1) were produced on 15 September planting. The shortest plant height (35.01 cm), number of branches (1.89), number of nodules plant^-1 (12.05), leaf area plant^-1 (161.5 cm²), root length plant^-1 (12.91 cm), root dry weight plant^-1 (0.52 g) and seed yield (0.97 t ha^-1) were obtained on 15 October planting. Interaction effect of variety, date of planting and, level of phosphorus significantly influenced on, no. of branches plant^-1, leaf area, root dry weight and seed yield of mungbean, except plant height at harvest, no. of nodules plant^-1 and root length. It is revealed that the highest plant height (70.47 cm), number of branches (3.33), number of nodules plant^-1(22.00), leaf area plant^-1(990.0cm²), root dry weight plant^-1(1.8 g) and seed yield (1.33 t ha^-1) were produced by BARIMung-6 on 15 September planting with the application of 80 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1. In case of seed yield BARIMung-5 planted on 15 September treated with of 80 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 is similar to BARIMung-6 that produced seed yield ( 1.3 t ha^-1). The shortest plant height (29.4 cm), number of branches (1.33), number of nodules plant^-1 (8.50), leaf area plant^-1 (146.8 cm²), root length (12.9cm), root dry weight plant^-1 (0.14 g) and seed yield (0.81 t ha^-1) were obtained by BINAMung-6 on 15 October planting with control treatment.

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