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Preparation of Glucosamine Hydrochloride from Indigenous Shrimp Processing Waste

M. M. Islam
Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205,

S. M. Masum
Department of Applied Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000 and

M. M. Rahman
Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205,

A. A. Shaikh
Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present investigation described the effective preparation of glucosamine hydrochloride (GluHCl) from chitin which was extracted from indigenous shrimp shell. GluHCl has attracted much attention owing to its therapeutic activity in osteoarthritis and widely used dietary supplement. The key step involved was extraction of chitin from shrimp skeleton and then hydrolysis of chitin by concentrated hydrochloric acid. The reaction proceeds via break down of glycoside linkage. Structural analysis was carried out by melting point, TLC, FT-IR, elemental analysis and all the data were compared with that of standard GluHCl. The elemental (C, 32.75; H, 6.51; N, 6.20) analysis is good concord with the calculated value (C, 33.42; H, 6.54; N, 6.50). Absence of v max at 1726 cm^-1 indicates that GluHCl is a deacetylated product of chitin. The yields of the product mainly depend on reaction conditions. Maximum yield (63.5%) was obtained when chitin was hydrolyzed with concentrated HCl for 1.30 h.

Keywords: Shrimp shell, Chitin, Acid hydrolysis, Glucosamine hydrochloride, Osteoarthritis.

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Postharvest and Agro-processing

Commodity: Shrimp

Objectives:

To prepare GluHCl from fishery waste materials which are hazard and toxic for environment

Methodology:

Materials: Shrimp shell materials were collected from Khulna, Bangladesh. D-(+) Glucosamine hydrochloride was purchased from KANTO CHEMICAL CO. INC. Japan as a standard. All the chemicals purchased from Merck were analytical grade.

Preparation of Chitin : Shrimp shells were scraped free of loose tissue, washed with cold water and dried in sun for 2 days. Chitin was extracted from shrimp shell following standard procedure ( Hossain et al., 2005; Rodde et al., 2008). The process mainly involved the following steps: Demineralizations of Shells. In this step, the shells were suspended in 4% HCl at room temperature in the ratio of 1:14(w/v). After 36 hours, the shells were quite squashy and were rinsed with water to remove acid and calcium chloride. Deproteinization of Shells. The demineralized shells were then treated with 5% NaOH at 90oC for 24 hours with a solvent to sold ratio of 12:1(v/w). The residue was then collected and washed to neutrality in running tap water. Then it was dried in sun. Yield of chitin was 18.23%

Preparation of Glucosamine hydrochloride: Chitin was treated with different ratios and concentrations of hydrochloric acid . The following major steps were under taken to obtain GluHCl from chitin.(i) grinding the chitin to fine particle; (ii) hydrolysis the chitin with HCl at 90^oC or room temperature; (iii) dissolving the black precipitate in water and decolorizing with activated charcoal; (iv) filtering the solution and discarding the solids; (v) evaporating the solution to recover GluHCl crystal at 45^oC; (vi)washing the crystals with ethanol; (vii) drying the crystals at 50^oC in an oven.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 46(3), 375-378, 2011

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on the experimental results, it is concluded that the preparation of GluHCl by acid hydrolysis method is effective. The method is convenient and simple in procedure. The preparation of GluHCl from shrimp shell via chitin would successfully minimize the environmental pollution by the shrimp shell processing.

Knowledge Management: Journal