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Characterization of Antibiotic Resistant Salmonella Spp Isolated from Chicken Eggs of Dhaka City

M. M. Ahmed
Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh

M. M. Rahman
Department of Food Engineering and Tea Technology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

K. R. Mahbub
Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh

M. Wahiduzzaman
Department of Food Engineering and Tea Technology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In present study, the occurrence of Salmonella in local chicken eggs and their pattern of antibiotic resistance were determined. 100 egg samples collected from different locations of Dhaka city were analysed and Salmonella spp were found in 8% of the samples. Among all presumptive Salmonella isolates, 8 isolates were confirmed as Salmonella enterica subsp. salamae (4%), Salmonella enterica subsp. indica (1%), Salmonella Paratyphi-A (1%), Salmonella bongori (1%) and Salmonella Choleraesuis (1%) on the basis of serotyping and biochemical analysis. These isolates were subjected to susceptibility test against 10 antibiotic disks. All the isolates were found chloramphenicol sensitive. The highest percentage of resistance (87.5%) was found to amoxicillin and ampicillin. Resistance against erythromycin, cephalexin, doxycycline hydrochloride, ceftazidime, doxycycline and nalidixic acid was also found significant ranging from 25% to 62.5%. Salmonella isolated from egg shell surface were found more antibiotic resistant than that of egg yolk and white. The present study suggests that poultry eggs are potential reservoir of antibiotic resistant Salmonellae.

Keywords: Egg; Salmonella; Characterization; Antibiotic resistance.

Location: Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Egg

Objectives:

Present study aimed at isolation and characterization of different species of Salmonellae from chicken eggs of Dhaka city and investigation of their resistance pattern against different antibiotics.

Methodology:

Collection and enrichment of samples: Five local markets were selected from several places of Dhaka city i.e. New Market Kacha Bazar, Katabon Kacha Bazar, Kawran Bazar, Mohammadpur and Kazipara. Enrichment of egg samples was done according to Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International (18th edition, 2005). Egg shells were washed with sterile Ringer’s solution and enriched in lactose broth. Egg yolk and white was also enriched in lactose broth for 24 hours at 35°C. For selective enrichment, 1 ml from pre-enriched sample was transferred to 10 ml of selenite-cystine broth and additional 1 ml to 10 ml tetrathionate broth and incubated at 35°C for 24 hours. Salmonella isolation: Selectively enriched samples from selenite cysteine and tetrathionate broths were streaked onto xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar, Salmonella-Shigella (SS) Agar, and Bismuth Sulfite Agar (BSA). These plates were incubated at 35-37°C for 24±2 hrs. After incubation, typical or suspicious Salmonella colonies were examined and further confirmed by biochemical tests including Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) agar, Lysine Iron Agar (LIA) slants and urease test. Only urease negative cultures were selected for characterization and identification by serotyping and biochemical tests including gram staining, IMViC pattern, sugar fermentation, motility, catalase and oxidase test. Serotyping of Salmonella isolates: Salmonella positive isolates were serologically confirmed by slide agglutination test using polyvalent somatic (O) antisera kit (Remel Europe Ltd, UK). One drop of the polyvalent.O antiserum was placed on the glass slide and one drop of saline suspension of 18 hours old culture was mixed with it. The slide was tilted in a back-and-forth motion for one minute and any degree of agglutination was taken as a positive reaction. Antibiotic susceptibility test: The antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using agar disc diffusion assay as described by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, 2000). Antibiotics used were amoxycillin 10 μg, ampicillin 10 μg, cephalexin 30 μg, ceftazidine 30 μg, chloramphenicol 30 μg, doxycycline 30 μg, erythromycin 15 μg, kanamycin 30 μg, nalidixic acid 30 μg and doxycycline hydrochloride 30 μg. Pure colonies of isolated Salmonellae were emulsified in normal saline and turbidity was matched with 0.5 McFarland turbidity standards. Selected antibiotic discs were placed on Mueller Hinton Agar plates seeded with bacteria. These plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The organisms were observed for antibiotic sensitivity based on diameters of zones of inhibition on petridishes. Susceptible and resistant isolates were defined according to the criteria suggested by the CLSI.

Source of Information: J. Sci. Res. 3 (1), 191-196 (2011)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results indicate the presence of antibiotic resistant Salmonellae in chicken eggs of Dhaka city. However, further investigations with bigger sample size are needed to identify the source and cause of drug resistance.

Knowledge Management: Journal