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Effect of Water Management and Weed Control Treatments on the Performance of Transplanted Aman Rice

M. H. KABIR
Senior Scientific Officer
Adaptive Research Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701,

M. N. BARI
Associate, Professor
Agronomy Department BSMRAU, Gazipur-1706,

M. MOYNUL HAQUE
Associate, Professor
Agronomy Department BSMRAU, Gazipur-1706,

G. J. U. AHMED
Chief Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701,

A. J. M. S. ISLAM
Professor
Soil Science Department, BSMRAU, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted from June to December 2003 to assess weed dynamics and yield performance of transplanted aman rice (cv. BRRI Dhan39) in different weed control treatments e.g. two hand weedings at 15 and 40 DAT; Weeding by BRRI Weeder at 20 and 40 DAT; Rifit 500EC @ 1L/ha at 7 DAT; Rifit 500EC @ 1 L/ha at 7 DAT and one hand weeding at 40 DAT; Butachlor 5G @ 2 kg/ha at 7 DAT; Butachlor 5G @ 2 kg/ha at 7 DAT and one hand weeding at 40 DAT along with weed free and unweeded check under both good and poor water management practices. Weed density, weed biomass and weed control efficiency were significantly influenced by different weed control treatments under both water management practices. Other than weed free treatment, Butachlor 5G @ 2 kg/ha applied at 7 DAT along with one hand weeding at 40 DAT showed the best performance under good water management with minimum weed density (16 g/m²) as well as weed biomass (9.27 g/m²) and the highest weed control efficiency (82.57%). Yield and yield components were also significantly influenced by different weed control treatments and water management. The highest grain yield (5.22 t/ha) was obtained under good water management in weed free treatment followed by Butachlor 5G @ 2 kg/ ha and one hand weeding (4.96 t/ha) under same water management. Results revealed that integration of approaches, particularly Butachlor application along with one manual weeding accompanied by proper water management might be the best option to combat weed problems as well as to obtain satisfactory grain yield in transplanted aman rice.

Keywords: Transplanted aman rice, Water management, Weed control treatment and Yield.

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-06-2003

End Date: 00-12-2003

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water management, Rice, Weed management

Objectives:

To see the effect of different weed control treatments either alone or in combination under different water management practices on weed infestation and yield performance of transplanted aman rice.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur during the period from June to December 2003. BRRI Dhan39, a modern transplanted aman rice variety, was used as the test crop. The experiment was replicated thrice in a split-plot design assigning water management in the main plot and weed control treatments in the sub plots. Unit plot size was 5m × 4m. The experiment consisted of two factors. Factor (A) was Water management i.e. (W₁) Good water management- where at least 5 cm water depth was maintained through proper levee management and irrigation; and (W₂) Poor water management- where no definite water depth was maintained throughout the growing perod. Factor (B) was different weed control treatments i.e. (T₁)- No weeding (control), (T₂)- Weed free where weeds were com letely removed from the plot at 10 days interval until harvest, (T₃ )- two hand weedings at 15 and 40 day s after transplanting g (DAT), (T₄ )- Two weedings by BRRI Weeder at 20 and 40 DAT, (T₅ )- Herbicide Rifit 500EC @ 1L/ha at 7 DAT, (T₆ )-Rifit 50 0EC @ 1 L/ha at 7 DAT and one hand weeding at 40 DAT, (T₇ )- Butachlor 5G @ 2 kg/ha at 7 DAT, (T₈ )- Butachlor 5G 2 kg/ha at 7 DAT and one hand weeding at 40 DAT, respectively . Fertilizers were applied to the plots as N-P-K-S-Z n @ 70-22-35-10-2.3 kg/ha from Urea, TSP, MP, Gypsum and Zinc sulphate, respectively. The whole amount of P, K, S and Zn were applied as basal dose during final land preparation. N was top-dressed in three equal installments at 20, 40 and 55 DAT, respectively . Thirty -day old rice seedlings were transplanted on 26 July 2003 maintaining 20 cm × 20 cm spacing . The crops were kept under constant observation from transplanting till harvesting. Harvesting was done on 27 October 2003. Plant protection and ot her necessary cultural operations were done as and when required. The data on weed infestation and weed density were collected from each unit plot at 3 0 , 60 , 90 DAT and at harvest. A quadrate of 0.2 5 m² was placed randomly at three different spots outside an area of 12 m² in the middle of the plot. The infesting specie s of weeds within each quadrate wer e identified and their number was counted species-wise. The average num ber of three samples was then multiplied by 4 to obtain the weed density per m² . Later degree of weed infestation (DWI) was calculated by usi ng the following formula: DWI (%) = {(No. of population of individual weed species (No.m²)/ Total no. of infesting weed species (No./m²)} X 100. The weeds in side each quadrate were uprooted, cleaned and separated species-wise. The collected weeds were first dried in the sun and then in an electric oven for 72 hours maintaining a constant temperature of 80°C. After drying, weight of each species was taken and expressed in g/m. Weed control efficiency was calculated with the following formula: Weed control efficiency (WCE) = (DMC-DMT/DMC)X100. Where, DMC = Weed dry matter production in unweeded treatment, DMT = Weed dry matter production in weed control treatment. An area of 4m² including the crop sampling zone were harvested for measurements of grain and straw yields. The harvested crops were threshed, cleaned, dried, weighed and data were recorded on (i) effective tillers/hill (ii) filled grains/panicle; (iii) unfilled grains/panicle; (iv) 1000-grain weight (g); (v) grain yield (t/ha); and (vi) straw yield (t/ha). The data were compiled and put under analysis of variance following the experimental design with the help of th e computer package MSTAT-C. Later the means were separated through LSD test.

Source of Information: ISSN 0258-7122, Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(3) : 399-408, September 2008

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The experiment was conducted that integration of approaches rather than single one could solve the weed problem in transplanted aman rice substantially leading to satisfactory yield. In this context, herbicide application along with one. But before that, water management should be considered as the primary means of weed suppression since proper water management contributed to 17.91% higher grain yield compared to poor water management irrespective of weed control measures. Even combination of Butachlor 5G @ 2 kg/ha with one hand weeding at 40 DAT (T₈) also contributed to more than 10% higher grain yield under good water management over the same under poor water management.

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