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The Repellent Effect of Some Indigenous Plant Extracts Against Pulse Beetle (callosobruchus Chinensis)

M. T. Ahmed
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. Begum
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. W. Zaman
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An Experiment was conducted in the laboratory of the Division of Entomology, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh to evaluate the efficacy of four indigenous plants parts such as leaves of raintree (Albizia saman), riot lata (Mikania micrantha), pithraj (Aphanamixis polystachya) and seeds of mahogani (Swietenia macrophylla) with methanol extracts at the rates of 10.0, 7.5, 5.0 and 2.5% for their direct toxicity against the pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.). Among the four plants extracts tested, pithraj leaf showed the highest (52.28%) mean repellency effect followed by riot lata (Mikania) leaf extract (46.07%), mahogani seed extract (38.79%) and raintree leaf extract (25.13%). On the basis of mean repellency rate, it was found that mahogany seed, pithraj leaf and riot lata (Mikania) leaf extracts were in the same repellency class i.e. Class Ill and except raintree leaf (Class II).

Keywords: Plant extracts, Pulse beetle, Repellency

Location: Division of Entomology, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2013

End Date: 00-04-2013

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects

Objectives:

1. To determine the repellent effect of the plant extractsainst pulse beetle.

Methodology:

Preparation of crude extract and mass culture of C. chinensis - Experiments were conducted in the laboratory of the Division of Entomology, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), All insect cultures were maintained in the laboratory at room temperature (30 ± 2° Cand with 70 ± 5 % RH) during the experiments. Leaves of the test plant were washed in running water and then air dried. Finally, the dried plant materials were powdered by the Mortar. The leaf powder of 100g of each desired plant were taken in 1.5 liter separated funnel and 130 ml methanol were added in separated funnel and were kept for 72 hours with interval of shaking. After 72 hours it was then filtered by Whatman paper No.1 (diameter 40). The filtrates liquid were aqueous extract. The aqueous extract was collected in a beaker. The solvent was evaporated by using thin film rotary evaporator under reduced pressure. Obtaining crude extracts were stored in refrigerator at 0?C for further investigation. Rearing of and maintenance of the pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis were done. Repellency test - The repellency test was conducted according to the method of Talukder and Howse. For repellency test plant extracts were diluted with respective solvents to prepare (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 & 10%) solutions. Petridishes were divided into two parts, treated and fresh grain portion (untreated). With the help of a pipette, 1.0 ml solution of each plant extract was applied to one half of the grains. The treated half was then air dried. Ten insects (5 male and 5 female) were released at the centre of each petridish and a cover was placed on the petridish. There were replications for each plant extract and each dose. Then the insects present on each portion were counted at hourly intervals up to fifth hour. The data were expressed as percentage repulsion (PR %) by the following formula: PR (%) = (Nc-50) × 2 Where, N= the percentage of insects present in the control half. Positive (+) values expressed repressed repellency and negative (-) values attractancy. Data (PR %) was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) after transforming them into arcsine percentages values. The average values were then categorized.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 7(2): 151-154, 2014; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The order of repellencey effect of the four plant extracts on pulse beetle were Pithraj leaf > Riot lata (Mikania) leaf > Mahogani seed > Raintree leaf. In the present research beside pithraj leaf and mahogani seed extracts and raintree leaf extract were used and one naturally grown weed is riot lata (Mikania) that are helpful to reduce the pest attack in stored product.

Knowledge Management: Journal