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Cadmium Toxicity Tolerance of Jute, Kenaf and Mesta at Germination Stage

M. U. Nizam
Associate Professor
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To evaluate the Cd toxicity tolerance of jute, kenaf and mesta at germination stage. Six varieties of jute, two varieties of kenaf and one variety of mesta were studied to observe the germination potential and primary growth parameters. Six levels (0, 20, 40, 80, 120, 160 mg Cd L^-1) of cadmium (Cd) were applied following CRD with three replication. All the varieties of jute, kenaf and mesta showed decreased germination percentage; root and shoot growth; and fresh and dry biomass with increased levels of Cd. The varieties of kenaf and mesta were able to germinate and tolerate up-to 160 mg Cd L^-1 with satisfactory rate of germination, while most of the jute varieties failed to germinate above 40 mg Cd L^-1. Characteristic visible morphological deformities like twisting, curling and growth stunting of shoots appeared in the seedlings with increasing concentrations of Cd. Roots of the seedlings were found light to dark brown in colour at high (>80 mg Cd L^-1) concentrations of Cd that lead to rottening and degeneration of seedlings. The varieties of kenaf (cv. HC -95 & HC-3) and mesta (cv. Samu-93) were found more tolerant to Cd up to a certain levels at germination phase.

Keywords: Cadmium, Germination, Jute, Kenaf, Mesta

Location: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-04-2011

End Date: 30-09-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: kenaf, Mesta, Jute

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to observe the Cd toxicity tolerance of jute, kenaf and mesta at germination stage.

Methodology:

The study was carried out in the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Jute (Corchorus capsularis L. cv. BJC-7370, CVE-3 & CVL-1, Corchorus olitorius L. cv. O- 9897, O-795, O-72 & OM-1), kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L. cv. HC-95& HC-3) and mesta (Hibiscus sabdariffa L. cv. Samu-93) were used. Analytical reagent grade cadmium nitrate tetra hydrate, Cd (NO₃)₂. 4H₂O was used as a source of Cd. Initially 1000 mg Cd L^-1 stock solution was prepared. Six levels of Cd (0, 20, 40, 80, 120 & 160 mg L^-1) was applied following CRD with three replications. After placing seeds 5 ml of deionized water was added to controls and 5 ml of solution containing different levels of Cd were added in each dish for different treatments. The dishes were covered with lids and kept in the laboratory at room temperature. After two days the lids were removed and after three days the cotton layers of the dishes were further moistened with 5 mL deionized water for controls and 5 mL of Cd solution for each treatment. Data were recorded five days after placing seeds when the germination was completed and seedlings were established; the time for germination was followed. The root and shoot lengths were measured from the average of 10 seedlings. Fresh biomasses of seedlings per petridish were measured just after harvesting and dry biomasses were measured after drying at 70 ⁰C for 72 hrs. Statistical analysis were done following methods outlined by Gomez and Gomez.The analysis of variance (ANOVA) of various characters of seedlings of different varieties were done to determine the effects of treatments. Least significant difference (LSD) and Duncan’s multiple range (DMRT) tests were performed to determine the statistical significance of the differences between means of treatments.

Source of Information: J. Patuakhali Sci. and Tech. Univ. 2014, 5(1):83-94

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the results of the present study it may concluded that the increased concentration of applied Cd decreased the percent germination, root and shoot growth of seedlings and fresh and dry weight of seedlings for all the varieties of jute, kenaf and mesta except kenaf HC-3. The varieties of kenaf and mesta were able to germinate up to 160 mg Cd L^-1with a satisfactory rate of germination and were more tolerant than jute varieties. Among the jute varieties CVE-3 and BJC-7370 were more tolerant than the others. These two varieties germinated and survived up to 80 mg Cd L^-1. Therefore, these kenaf (HC-3& HC-95), mesta (Samu-93) and jute (CVE-3& BJC-737) varieties could be used for growing Cd contaminated soil.

Knowledge Management: Journal