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Studies on the Effect of Urine on Biogas Production

M. Shamsul Haque
Institute of Fuel Research & Development, BCSIR, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh

M. Naimul Haque
Institute of Fuel Research & Development, BCSIR, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Only 20% of our rural households in Bangladesh have more than 4 cattle heads and 21% have more than 2 cattle heads. A 5-8 members family needs 4-6 cattle to run a biogas plant to meet their daily cooking energy. For wide spread dissemination of biogas technology throughout the country it becomes imperative to increase the number of biogas plant users by increasing the gas production rate with the present available cattle heads. It has been found that with the addition of urine to cow-dung gas production has been increased upto 30% at a proportion of dung, urine and water (50:35:15) which will reduce the number of cattle heads and plant size and hence the construction cost. This will certainly increase the technology users up to 41% with the present available cattle heads and thereby solve the cooking fuel and organic fertilizer crisis and maintain the hygienic condition.

Keywords: Urine, Biogas production

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

The present investigation is therefore conducted to study the effect of urine on biogas production.

Methodology:

Cattle dung and urine were collected and mixed with requisite amount of water for maintaining total solid concentration of about 10%. The pH becomes around 7.0 and C-N ratio 18-25:1. Different proportions of dung, urine and water were taken in aspirator bottles and in another two aspirator bottles one for gas collection and another for displaced water collection connected in series for different experiments shown in figure 1. Seeding materials were added into the raw materials for its rapid fermentation. The daily gas production was recorded and gas analysis was done by ORSAT apparatus. CO₂ and H₂S were removed from daily gas production by using NH₄OH solution. Moisture and ash contents of fresh substrate and fermented substrate were estimated by gravimetric method by drying at 105^O C and by complete combustion at 800^O C respectively. Percentage of C, N, H & S were determined by Elemental Analyser (EA-1108, Fisons Instrument, Carloerba, Milon, Italy). The physico-chemical properties of fresh substrate and fermented substrate proper were determined. The manurial value of fertilizer and composition of biogas obtained from the experiment were analyzed.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 41(1-2), 23-32, 2006

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above investigation it may be concluded that with the addition of urine to cattle dung gas production has been increased significantly upto 30% which certainly reduce the number of cattle heads and hence the plant size. Therefore, the construction cost of biogas plant will be decreased accordingly. This research therefore, will accelerate the dissemination programme of bio-gas technology throughout the country.

Knowledge Management: Journal