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Effect of Different N. Sources on Paddy Under Various Methods and Times of Application

M. A. S. HOWLADER
Department of Soil Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

F. AHMED
Department of Soil Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

M. KARIM
Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka.

A. ISLAM
Department of Soil Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment with rice ( BR-4 variety ) was carried out to study the efficiency of the slow release fertilizers.SCU (Sulphur Coated Urea) and IBDU (Isobutylidine diurea) and urea when applied as conventional broadcast, mudball point and banded and burried methods. Urea was also placed as broadcast for comparison at the rates of 27, 54 and 90 kg N/ha with two splits. Urea was applied at the rate of 54 kg/ha as mudball, point, banded and burried methods. SCU and IBDU at the same rate were applied as broadcast. Significant increase in plant height, number of tillers per hill and dry matter weight of l0 tillers at the maximum tillering, panicle initiation and harvesting stages was obtained when urea was placed as mudball. Grain and straw yields, number of grains/panicle and the percentage of filled grains were also significantly increased with these methods of placement. The methods of placement also significantly affected the nitrogen concentration of rice plant and rice grains. Mudball produced the best result. The performance of point placement of urea was next to that of mudball method and was superior to other methods of placement and was also superior to SCU and IBDU.

Keywords: Paddy, Nitrogen, Flooded paddy, Fertilizer.

Location: Bangladesh Atomic Energy commission at Tongi, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Rice

Objectives:

To find out which method of placement or which source of nitrogen is relatively more efficient for utilization of applied nitrogen under flooded paddy condition.

Methodology:

A field experiment with rice (Br-4 variety) was carried out on a Chhiata silt loam series (Typic Dystrochrepts) located in the experimental field of Bangladesh Atomic Energy commission at Tongi, Dhaka. The soil is situated in the tropical region (Latitude 23⁰56′46′′ N and Longitude 90⁰22′50′′E) having an annual rainfall of approximately 200 cm. In the growing period, temperature varied between 21⁰C and 38⁰C while the humidity varied from 65% to 95%. A completely randomized block design containing 10 treatments with 4 replications were included in this experiment. All plots received a basic dose of 60 kg P (triple superphosphate) and 60 kg K (muriate of potash ) per hectare. The soil initially contained 2.17% organic matter, 0.09% N,40.1 ppm NH₄-N, 15.2 ppm NO₃-N, 12.3 ppm N/500 H₂SO₄ pH-3 extractable phosphate, 155 ppm N/NH₄-oAC extractable K. The soil was medium acidic (pH 5.6). The plots were of 2.5m × 4m and each was protected by bunds. Five weeks' old seedlings of rice were transplanted at 2 seedlings/hill with a spacing of 25cm × 25cm. The experimental plots were irrigated throughout the growing period of rice and were kept free of weeds by occasional hand weeding. Plant height and number of tillers/hill were recorded at maximum tillering, panicle initiation and harvesting stages. Plant samples ( 10 Titters/hill were also collected at the three stages of growth. Grain and straw yields, number of filled grains/pa.naw ratio were recorded on harvested crops. Plant samples and grains were analysed for total nitrogen also.

Source of Information: Dhaka University Studies, B, XXXI (1) : 51-59, 1983 (January)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Number of tillers per hill produced at the panicle initiation stage with mudball was significantly better compared to broadcast besides control. This was also true at the harvesting stage. Number of tillers produced by 54 kg N(from urea) per hectare as mudball was higher compared to those produced by other methods as well as other Sources(SCU and IBDU) but the differences were not statistically significant. Dry matter yield also supported the above findings that placement in mudball had always been superior to other methods of placement. Placement of fertilizer as mudball produced significantly better drymatter yield only at the harvesting stage compared to broadcast it two splits at the rate of 54 kg N (from urea) per hectare and banded and buried method. The results agreed with the research findings at IRRI (1975), “Of the various methods tested, the mudball technique effected a greater increase in plant height and tiller number than did other deep placement methods". The performance of point placement of urea was next to that of mudball method and was superior to other methods of placement and was also superior to SCU and IBDU.

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