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Performance and Genetic Variability Studies of 14 Brassica Napus Cultivars

Dr. Md. Jamil Hasan
Principal Scientific Officer
Head Hybrid Rice Division Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur-1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Information of the variability and the genetic parameters of some quantitative characters in rapeseed are important for an efficient breeding program. Totally 14 Brassica napus cultivars were evaluated for variation, genotypic variance, phenotypic variance, genotypic coefficients of variations, phenotypic coefficients of variations, broad sense heritability and genetic advance for 14 morpho-physiological characters. The results revealed significant differences for all the studied characters indicated the presence of sufficient genetic variability for effective selection. Variability, broad sense heritability, genetic advance were maximum for number of siliqua/plant followed by petal size, plant height, days to 80% maturity and days to 50% flowering. Selection of these traits would be an effective way to increase seed yield and early cultivars development.

Keywords: Brassica napus cultivar, Morpho-physiological characters, Genotypic and Phenotypic variance

Location: Demonstration farm of Rural Development Academy, Bogra

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

The study was undertaken with 14 Brassica napus cultivars to determine the importance of the varieties for estimating the genetic variations among the cultivars in respect of different morphophysiological characters and to relate such variations with breeding values for selecting important traits as well as best performing cultivars.

Methodology:

The experiment was laid out in a medium high land belonging to the Level Barind Tract Agro-ecological zone characterized by grey, silty, puddle top soil and ploughpan. The experiment consisted of 14 Brassica napus cultivars. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The size of each unit plot was 3.5 m x 3 m. A distance of 30 cm from row to row and 5 cm from plant to plant was maintained. The treatments were allocated randomly. Fertilizers were applied to the plots at the rate of 220, 140, 80, 150, 5 and 5 kg ha-¹ of urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum, zinc sulphate and borax, respectively. Cow-dung was added at the rate of 5 ton/ha 10 days before final land preparation. Urea was applied 50% as basal and 50% as split after 25 days of sowing. The intercultural operations like weeding, thinning, irrigation and plant protection measures were done as necessary in all plots. Data were taken from randomly selected 10 plants which were tagged at the early stage to represent the whole plot of the replication.For studying performance and different genetic parameters the following characters were taken into consideration- plant height (cm), days to 50% flowering, number of primary branches/plant, petal size (mm²), number of siliqua/plant, number of seeds/siliqua, siliqua length (cm), average duration of leaves, beak length (mm), peduncle length (mm), days to 80% maturity, thousand grain weight (g), seed yield/plant (g) and oil content. Seed oil content was determined by magnetic resonance analyzer (Newport 4000 NMR analyzer) using BINA lab facilities. The recorded data were analyzed using the analysis of variance with the help of computer package MSTAT. The mean differences among the treatments were adjudged with Duncan's Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Eco-friendly Agricultural Journal,5(10):202-207, October, 2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Proper selection of individual plants based on variability would help develop parents for future hybridization program. Least difference between genotypic and phenotypic variance and coefficients of variations were observed for all the traits studied. High heritability with high genetic advance showed by plant height, petal size and number of siliqua/plant suggested presence of additive gene action and selection of these traits would be effective. Number of primary branches/plant, number of seeds/siliqua, siliqua length, average duration of leaves, beak length, peduncle length, thousand seed weight, seed yield/plant and oil content had shown high heritability with low genetic advance indicated presence of non-additive gene action and selection of those characters would not be rewarding through pedigree method of breeding.

Knowledge Management: Journal