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Growth Inhibitory Effect of Ten Fruit Leaves on Selected Weeds

S. Jalal
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

B. Roy
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Bikash C. Sarker
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

M.N. Uddin
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Sona R. Roy
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Growth inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts of ten fruit leaves were investigated during July 2007 to December 2007 at the laboratory of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry in Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. Aqueous extracts of ten common fruit plant leaves viz., mango, black berry, jack fruit, litchi, wood apple, indian dillenia, guava, banana, indian goose berry, olive were tested for germination and shoot and root growth of barnyard grass, spiny amaranth and green amaranth. The aqueous extracts of wood apple (Aegle marmelos) significantly decreased germination of barnyard grass, while spiny amaranth and green amaranth seeds/g control respectively. The lowest germination percentage of were 6.4 %, 8.80% and 8.80%, respectively. The aqueous extract of wood apple leaves showed inhibitory effect on germination and root and shoots growth of barnyard grass, spiny amaranth and green amaranth seedlings. Based on their growth inhibitory properties, mango, black berry, jack fruit, litchi, wood apple, indian dillenia, guava, banana, indian goose berry , olive. One of these plant extracts which performed the best, i.e. wood apple have potential for use as alternative crop as herbicide (protectants) against a number of weed species.

Keywords: Aqueous extracts, Root, Shoot, Germination

Location: Department of Agricultural Chemistry in Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-07-2007

End Date: 00-12-2007

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Fruit

Objectives:

1. To examine the influence of aqueous extract of some fruit plants on germination of three weed seeds, and their primary growth rate.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the laboratory of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry in Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh from July 2007 to December 2007. The aqueous extracts leaves of mango (Mangifera indica); T₁, jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus); T₂, black berry (Syzygium cumini); T₃, guava (Psidium guajava); T₄, litchi (Litchi chinensis); T₅, indian dillenia (Dillenia indica); T₆, banana (Musa sp); T₇, wood apple (Aegle marmelos); T₈, olive (Elaeocarpus floribundus); T₉, indian gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica);T₁₀ and Water as control; Tc were used for test materials. The freshly prepared aqueous extracts from the test species were applied on the seeds of selected weeds, viz, barnyard grass (Echinochloa crussgali), spiny amaranth (Amaranthus spinosus) and green amaranth (Amaranthus viridis) to observe their germination and growth performances. Preparation of Aqueous Leaf Extracts: 100 g of each fresh leaf was taken and chopped followed by wet paste by blender machine with required amount of water. Then it was transferred to a 500 ml reagent bottle in which 400 ml of water was added and was kept for 72 hours at room temperature (25±2°C) with regular interval of stirring for aqueous slury. After 72 hours, the aqueous slurry was filtered through Whatman filter paper No.1 and was stored in reagent bottle. Germination and Growth Performance of Weed Seeds: Petridish experiment was performed using aqueous extracts of ten fruit leaves for investigating the germination percentage, shoot growth and root growth of barnyard grass, spiny amaranth and green amaranth seeds. For this, two sheets of filter paper were placed on clean petridish. Twenty five seeds of each weed were placed on two sheets of filter papers moistened with 15 ml aqueous extract of fruit plants in 9 cm Petri-dishes which were incubated at 27+2⁰C temperature and 90+2% relative humidity. The filter papers were kept constantly moist with water. The experiment was laid out by completely randomized design with five replications. The germination (%), shoot and root length of the seedling were measured regularly for 7 days after seed placing. The collected data were analyzed statistically and the differences among means were compared by using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 4 (1): 101-104, 2010; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The aqueous extract of wood apple leaves reduced the germination rate, shoot and root length after germination of barnyard grass, spiny amaranth and green amaranth. Wood apple was selected for chemical investigation for which type of compounds is responsible for the above decreasing activities. This study indicated that the aqueous extracts of wood apple fruit leaves are perhaps the most promising and received germination and growth of attention at least partly owing to the presence of growth inhibitory compound. It might have the growth retarding and herbicidal effect on barnyard grass, spiny amaranth and green amaranth seeds.

Knowledge Management: Journal