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Tillering Dynamics in Aromatic Rice Genotypes

S.M. Shahidullah
Senior Scientific Officer
Rice Farming Systems Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

M.M. Hanafi
Professor
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

M. Ashrafuzzaman
Professor
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M. Razi Ismail
Professor
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

M. A. Salam
Researcher
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted with thirty aromatic rice genotypes to evaluate the tillering patterns and to explore its relationship with grain yield. Much variation was observed in tillering dynamics among the genotypes. Nineteen genotypes reached to peak population around 40 days after transplantation (DAT), when after tiller numbers started to reduce; 10 of them showed tillering climax at 50 DAT and only Kalijira Tapl-73 at 60 DAT. Maximum number of tillers varied from 136 (Khazar) to 455/m² (Chinigura). The highest rate of tiller mortality was found 49.29% in Chinigura and lowest in Jesso balam (10.10%). Sakkor khora produced highest number of panicles (277), whereas Khazar proved its worst performance with 90 panilces/m². Among the aromatic rice genotypes in the current study, Elai produced highest grain yield (3.35 t/ha). The lowest yield was harvested 1.42 t/ha from Khazar. The number of panicles was positively correlated with maximum number of tillers (r = 0.76) and grain yield (r = 0.62). Total number of tillers at harvest had the biggest direct effect on grain yield. Number of panicles had insignificant direct effect on yield; however it created a large indirect effect through the total number of tillers. Number of tillers at all stages imposed considerable indirect effects through number of panicles.

Keywords: Aromatic rice, Rice tillering, Tiller mortality, Grain yield, Path analysis

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur

Start Date: 01-07-2005

End Date: 30-06-2006

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To investigate the tillering patterns of thirty aromatic rice genotypes and explore relationship with yield and yield components.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in 2005 at the farm of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, situated at 24.00°N, 90.25°E with an elevation of 8.4 m from sea level. The cropping season started in hot-humid weather with heavy shower and ended in dryness with low temperature. A total of thirty aromatic rice germplasm composed of 27 local and three exotic cultivars were selected for the study. Among the exotic genotypes Basmati PNR346 was from Pakistan and Khazar and Neimat were from Iran. The rest materials are representing their distribution throughout Bangladesh. Thirty rice genotypes formed the treatment variables and were assigned randomly to each unit plot of 5 m × 2 m dimension. Thirty days-old seedlings were transplanted on August 15, 2005 following randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Transplanting was done at the spacing of 20 cm × 20 cm. A fertilizer rate of 25, 35, 10, 3 kg ha-1 of P, K, S, Zn in the form of triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate, respectively was applied as basal dose at final land preparation. Data collection was started at 20 days after transplanting (DAT) and continued with a 10 days interval up to harvesting (4th September to 18th December, 2005). One square meter area (5 plants × 5 plants) was selected and marked in each plot for tiller count. Tillering trend was closely observed. Counting was accomplished at every alternate day during pick period to determine ceiling number of tillers for each genotype. Plants were harvested at crop maturity. All the plants of a 5 m² sample area were cut at base. After threshing and cleaning, the fresh weight of grains was recorded and adjusted to 14% moisture content. Genotypic and phenotypic co efficient of variation were estimated according to Burton (1952) Path co-efficient analysis was performed according to Singh (2000).

Source of Information: International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 11: 509–514, 2009

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Tillering patterns in aromatic rice genotypes exhibited wide range of variations without showing any major influence on grain yield. Number of panicles had significant positive correlation with grain yield, however in path coefficient analysis it exhibited considerable indirect effect through other traits rather than direct effect.

Knowledge Management: Journal