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Water Stress Effect on Morphological Characters and Yield Attributes in Some Mutants T-aman Rice Lines

M. R. A. Bakul
Senior Marketing Officer, Paragon Group

M. H. A. Amin
Dept. of Agroforestry, HSTU, Dinajpur

M. M. A.A.Chowdhury
Soil Resource Development Institute, Regional Laboratory, Dinajpur

M. N. Islam
Soil Resource Development Institute, Regional Laboratory, Dinajpur

M. S. Akter
Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury Agricultural College, Jaldhaka, Nilphamari

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted in the transparent polythene rain out shelter house of Agronomy Division of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, during August to December 2001 to assess the effect of moisture stress on four Aman rice mutants. The treatments consisted of T0, no moisture stress (control), T1, (40% Field capacity level in tillering to panicle initiation, (vegetative stage) and T2 (40% Field capacity level in panicle initiation to grain filling, (reproductive stage). All morphological characters; such as plant height, tiller number, effective tiller number, panicle length, number of filled grains per panicle, thousand grain weight and yield decreased with stress treatment. However four rice genotype responses differently of most of the characters at different degrees of reduction. Of the four genotypes, BRRI Dhan32 produced highest yield and showed higher tillers, and panicles. BINA Dhan4 produced highest thousand grain weight, panicle length with a moderate yield and plant height under water stress. BINA 250-124 showed better yield. BINA 250-83 showed moderate yield with the highest plant height and unfilled grain numbers and produced lower grain yield under stress condition. BRRI Dhan32 and BINA Dhan4 could be used for plant breeding application developing suitable genotypes for drought tolerance.

Keywords: T-Aman, Water stress, Drought tolerance, Mutant

Location: Agronomy Division of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-08-2001

End Date: 00-12-2001

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

1. To assess the effect of moisture stress at pre- and post- flowering stages on the growth, development and yield components of rice, and 2. To assess the relative drought tolerance of different genotypes of rice under moisture stress at pre- and post- flowering stages.

Methodology:

The pot experiment was performed in polythene made rain out shelter at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, during August 14 to December15, 2001. The soil of this experiment was collected from the BINA campus. The Soil was sandy loam in texture having pH 6.7. Preparations of pots - The collected soil was dried under the sun. Then it was crushed and sieved. Total of 96 pots were prepared and their individual weight was recorded. Each pot contained 7 kg of soil. Its surface area was 530.93cm² and depth of the soil in each pot was 16 cm. the pots were placed in the rain out shelter of the Agronomy Division of BINA. Determination of pot capacity (analogues to field capacity) The soil moisture stress treatments were in the form of field capacity (here termed as pot capacity). The pot capacity was determined through gravimetric method, was: 100%FC = (SSW - DSW)/ DSW, Where, SSW= Saturated Soil Weight, DSW= Dry Soil Weight (Oven dry), FC= Field Capacity. Treatment and design - There were two factors: Factor A: 4Genotypes i) BINA Dhan4, ii) BRRI Dhan32, iii) BINA 250-83, iv) BINA 250-124 Factor B: Stress imposition at 40%FC No stress (Control), ii) Stress imposed at tillering to panicle initiation stage (Vegetative stage), iii) Stress imposed at panicle initiation to grain filling stage (Reproductive stage). Number of total treatments: 4genotypes × 3stress treatments = 12 Replication: 8, Total number of pots: 12×8 = 96 Design: Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 8 replications. Plant materials used The test crop included two mutants and two check genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The mutant genotypes were BINA 250-83 and BINA 250-124, BINA Dhan4 with BRRI cultivar; BRRI Dhan32. These were developed at BINA expected BRRI Dhan32. The cultivar developed at BRRI. Genotypes were collected through the courtesy of the Head, Agronomy Division on August 2001. Stress Imposition - Stress treatments were imposed as 40% field capacity (FC) at tillering to panicle initiation (Vegetative stage) and panicle initiation to grain filling stages (reproductive stage) and 100%FC for control also parallely in these two stages were applied by the above amount of water (measured with a weighing balance, every day). At the beginning, before stress imposition, all treatments maintained. Field capacity (100%) levels, determined through Gravimetric Method. The 40% FC were maintained by adding water to the assigned pots with the help of well precisioned weighing balance at two days interval. Fertilizer Applications - Urea, TSP and MP @0.35g, 0.24g, 0.175g per pot, respectively corresponding to 150 kg urea, 90 kg TSP and 75 kg MP per hectare were followed. At the beginning, during pot filling with the soil media one half of urea, full dose of TSP and MP were mixed with the soil. The remaining half of the urea was applied in two splits, one at 30 days after sowing (DAS) while other at 60 DAS. Intercultural Operation - Intercultural operations such as weeding, application of pesticides were followed as and when required. As a precautionary measure to prevent the crop from the pest attack, ‘Diazinon-60 EC’ at the rate of 1 ml/L water was sprayed 2 times during the entire experimental life. Data Recorded were: A) Morphological Parameters i) Plant height (cm), ii) Tillers/ plant (no), iii) Length of panicle (cm). B) Yield components and yield i) Effective Tillers/ plant (no.) ii) Filled grain/ panicle (no.), iii) Unfilled grain /panicle (no.) v) Thousand grain weight (gm), v) Yield per plant. Yield component and Yield Data were - During final harvest, the yield and yield components were recorded. The plant parts were separated into roots, stem, leaves and panicles. After separating the grain from the panicles, grains were sun dried then data on yield components and yield were recorded. Statistical Analysis - Finally, data were statistically analyzed following factorial experiment through MSTATC package programme. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) were also estimated to test the means.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL; ISSN: 1998-2003, Volume: 3, Issue: 2, Page: 934-944, November-December, 2009

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

BINAdhan-4 produced highest thousand grain weight, panicle length with a moderate yield and plant height under water stress. BINA250-124 showed better yield. BINA250-83 showed moderate yield with the highest plant height and unfilled grain numbers and produced lower grain yield under stress condition. BRRIdhan-32 and BINAdhan-4 could be used for plant breeding application developing suitable genotypes for drought tolerance.

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