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Physical and Physiological Quality Assessment of First Generation of Wheat Seed

H. M. Moniruzzaman
Tungipara, Gopalgonj, Dept. of Agriculture Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M.M. Sultana
Dinajpur Sadar, Department of Agriculture Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Q. A. Khaliq
Dept. of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

M. A. K. Mian
Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706,Bangladesh

M. M. Haque
Dept. of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study evaluated physical and physiological seed quality of thirteen seed lots of four wheat varieties in successive 1st generations. The seeds were obtained from northern and western regions of the country. Physical and physiological of wheat seed were assessed in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University. Results indicated that the assessment of physical quality, purity percentage of 13 lots of breeder wheat seed ranged from 99.33 to 99.90% which indicated that all seed lots maintained national standard (>99%) as prescribed by National Seed Board of the country. Most of the breeder seed lots confirmed the content of inert mater set by National Seed Board (1.0%) except the seed lot 9 (Di-1). Moisture contents of all the seed lots were within the national standard (12%). However, significant variation was observed in 1000 seed weight where it was highest (53.33 g) in the variety Prodip. The seed lots differed significantly in physiological attributes of breeder wheat seed. Among the 13 seed lots, eight lots maintained the national standard of normal seedling. Some lots of breeder seed showed a large proportion of abnormal seedling and dead seed. Seed vigor test of 13 seed lots revealed that five seed lots showed identical and higher vigor values than the others.

Keywords: Seed quality, First generation and wheat seed

Location: Seed Science and Technology Laboratory, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University

Start Date: 00-11-2008

End Date: 00-03-2008

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

1. The purpose of this research was, therefore, to estimate seed quality (physical purity and physiological quality) characteristics and to find out how varieties influence them in successive first generation of wheat seed.

Methodology:

Seed Source - The samples were collected from thirteen breeder seed source of Bangladesh during wheat growing season of 2008-09. Details of seed samples were recorded. Seed sample of one kilogram from each lot was put into air tight polyethylene bag and brought to the National Laboratory of Seed Certification Agency and preserved at 4⁰C in refrigerator. Quality assessment of breeder seed was done taking sub sample from each of the seed lot. Physical and physiological were assessed in Seed Science and Technology Laboratory of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University as per provision of the International Rules for Seed testing. Physical quality assessment - The seed sample of each lot was mixed thoroughly and 120 grams of wheat seed was taken for determination of pure seed percentage of the seed lot. The working samples were separated into three components such as pure seed, other seed and inert matter. Free caryopses of wheat seed of larger than half of their original solid size was taken as pure seed. Half or less than half portion of free caryopses was taken as inert matter. Other seed included seed units of any plant species other than that of pure seed. Inert matter included seed units and all other matters and structures not defined as pure seed or other seed by ISTA (2006). Percentage of each component was determined based on total weight of all components. Moisture content - Moisture content was determined by oven dry following high constant temperature oven method. Two independent working samples of seeds were drawn from each sub samples and ground in a grinder. Five grams seed of each working sample were dried in an oven at 130-133^?C for two hours. Percentage of moisture content was calculated using following formula: Moisture Content (%)= (M₂ - M₃)/ (M₂ - M₁)x 100. Where, M₁ = Weight in grams of the container and its cover, M₂ = Weight in grams of the container, its cover and ground seed before drying, and M₃ = Weight in grams of the container, cover and ground seed after drying. Thousand seed weight - To determine 1000-seed weight, sub samples were drawn from each seed lots. A total 3000 pure seeds free from other seeds and inert matter were sorted out. They were divided into three working samples. Weights of 1000 seeds were measured and average weight of three working samples were computed and recorded as 1000-seed weight. Physiological quality assessment - Physiological seed quality assessment was done by germination and vigor test. For germination test, four hundred pure seeds were randomly taken from each sample. Three layered moistened blotter paper was taken on germination containers. Hundred seeds were placed on each container and kept at 25^?C in germinator. First count and final count was taken at 4 days and 8 days, respectively. Normal seedling, abnormal seedling, fresh seed, hard seed and dead seed were counted as percentage basis according to the seedling evaluation group 1.2.3.3. Vigor index (VI) was also calculated from daily count data. Statistical analysis - The collected data were statistically analyzed using the (ANOVA) “Analysis of Variance” technique with the help of the computer package MSTAT. The mean differences were adjusted by the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: BANGLADESH RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL; ISSN: 1998-2003, Volume: 10, Issue: 4, Page: 330-336, January - February, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The seed lots differed significantly in physiological attributes of breeder wheat seed. Among the 13 seed lots, eight lots maintained the national standard of normal seedling. Some lots of breeder seed showed a large proportion of abnormal seedling and dead seed. Seed vigor test of 13 seed lots revealed that five seed lots showed identical and higher vigor values than the others.

Knowledge Management: Journal