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Catch Composition for Main Marine Shrimp Species in Bangladesh

M. S. Uddin
Senior Upazilla Fisheries Officer, Teknaf, DoF

S. J. Hasan
Scientific Officer, RS, BFRI

S. Barua
Statistical Officer, Marine Unit, DoF

N. M. Humayun
Director, Marine Unit, DoF

E. Karim
Scientific Officer, MFTS, BFRI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Yearly total catch and trends of catch composition for major marine shrimp species were evaluated from the landing data by the commercial shrimp trawlers fishing in the four major fishing grounds within the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of Bangladesh. Data set were collected from the landings for the year of 1986-87 to 2010-11 and were calculated total catch, catch per unit effort (CPUE), and percent and tendency of catch composition and amount of finfish as bycatch accordingly. Total numbers of shrimp trawler engaged in shrimp catch and finfish as bycatch were varied from 31 to 48 and also fishing days fluctuate from 4581 to 7866. The total shrimp catch fluctuate from 2138 to 4830 MT for the year of 2006-07 and 1988-89, respectively and finfish bycatch fluctuate from 1836 to 6157 MT. The contribution of brown shrimp was highest for entire time period and varies from 53-72% of the total catch. On the other hand white shrimp contributes lowest portion (1-13%) of the total catch. The CPUE for tiger shrimp, brown shrimp and Indian white shrimp were varied from 23-89, 191-465 and 7-65 kg d^-1, respectively. The highest CPUE with 465 kg d^-1 (65.4% of the total catch) was observed in the year of 1990-91 by the contribution of the brown shrimp. The percent contribution of tiger shrimp was decreased slowly but increased in case of brown shrimp and for Indian white shrimp the contribution was stable. The trends of total shrimp and fish catch were decreased from the beginning to the end of time period.

Keywords: CPUE (Catch per unit effort), Tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon), EEZ (Exclusive economic zone)

Location: MFTS, BFRI

Start Date: 00-00-1986

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Shrimp

Objectives:

1. To provide a salient feature of the available information and resource base management plan and to identify future research.

Methodology:

There are four major fishing grounds in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of Bangladesh (i.e. South Patches, South of South Patches, Middling and Swatch of No Ground). Now 35 shrimp and 119 fish trawlers are engaged in fishing within these grounds. As expected, catch composition from shrimp trawls consisted mainly of shrimp species. The main target species of this analysis were tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon), Indian white shrimp (P. indicus), brown shrimps (Metapenaeus monoceros, M. Brevicornis, M. spinulatus) and mixed of other less commercial species (Parapeneopsis sculptilis, P. Stylifera, Acetus indicus). Shrimp trawlers engaged in fishing in the EEZ of Bangladesh having a capacity of gross tonnage 150-250 MT with main engine power 500-900 BHP. These vessels usually sail for 30 days time period per voyage and every day complete 5-6 hauls for a period of 3-4 hours. But the fishing days and number of hauling fully depends upon weather and sea worthiness and functioning of the fishing vessel itself. However the most the fishing days vary from 20-25 days per trip per vessel, though sometimes it comes to only 3-5 days. A common log sheet has been provided to the trawler owners or company for reporting of their trawl catch prior to get a sailing permission for the upcoming fishing trip. Skippers of these fishing vessels fill the supplied log sheet after each haul accordingly. Secondary shrimp landing data from this log sheet are available by the shrimp trawlers that have been submitted to the Marine Fisheries Office. Cross checking of these landing information are generally done by the authorized person on random basis during landings of the catch. The catch of fish, in numbers or in weight, taken by a defined unit of fishing effort is catch per unit effort (CPUE). Large CPUEs indicate large populations since many individuals are caught for every unit of fishing effort. CPUE standardizes catch data based on the amount of the effort (total time or area sampled) exerted. Also called; catch per effort, fishing success, availability. Ex: tons of shrimp per tow or day, pounds of fish per hundred longline hooks. CPUE is a measure of the density or population size of an animal that is targeted by fishing. Because sampling effort may differ from area to area, month to month, or year to year; the number of fish captured must be analyzed in such a way as to standardize the effort that was exerted. Considering the scope an effort was done to find out the trends of shrimp availability and trend of stock position by analyzing species wise total catch, contribution of individual species to the total catch and CPUE with the data from the fishing log sheet submitted in Marine Fisheries Office by the Skippers upon arrival from their sea voyages. Input data were catch weights, fishing days and number of trawlers from shrimp trawl landings, i.e. total shrimp catch, total fish as bycatch, and individual catch of main shrimp species from the last 25 years (1986-87 to 2010-11) catch. Since expressing abundance on relatively crude scales retains much of the quantitative information. In this article CPUE was calculated on daily basis fishing, i.e. how much (in weight) fish were caught by one vessel per day. For the statistical analysis of that data Microsoft excel was used for calculating relative abundance of major shrimp stocks and trends of the composition of the shrimp and fish in the EEZ of Bangladesh.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL; ISSN: 1998-2003, Volume: 7, Issue: 2, Page: 91-98, July – August, 2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The marine fisheries sector has been suffering from chronic disintegration and mismanagement that have led to many consequences. Most of the commercially important fish stocks are either overexploited or under threat. The issues of sustainable resource use is discussed and identified in detail in order to be able to seek the appropriate solutions. However, it should be reemphasized that over-fishing on spawning stocks (recruitment over fishing) is considerable within the shrimp trawl fishery which impacts on juveniles migrating to inshore waters thereby restricting recruitment of a significant part of the population. On the other hand the growth over-fishing by the small-scale artisanal fleet is another serious issue that needs special attention, under the present situation that fishing in the inshore areas is no longer remunerative.

Knowledge Management: Journal