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Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Analysis for Yield and Yield Components in Soybean

Md. Mostofa Mahbub
Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, BRRI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Twenty eight soybean genotypes were evaluated for eleven morphological characters during Robi season, 2011 at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits. Plant height, seed yield per plant, branches per plant, number of seeds per pod, number of pods per plant and hundred seed weight exhibited that they were controlled by additive gene action and selection for the improvement of these traits would be rewarding. The phenotypic variance was higher than the corresponding genotypic variance for all the characters. All the characters showed moderate to low phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation. Genotypic coefficient of variation was the highest for seed yield per plant (31.45%) followed by number of branches per plant (29.9%) and plant height (27.42% ). Days to maturity (99.93%) had the highest heritability. Plant height, pod length, number of seeds per pod, number of pods per plant, hundred seed weight, branches per plant and number of seeds per pod showed significant positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation with seed yield. In path analysis, seeds per pod, hundred seed weight, pod length, days to maturity and plant height showed positive direct effect on yield. Considering genetic variability, correlation and path analysis, emphasis should be given on plant height, pod length, seeds per pod and hundred seed weight during breeding program to improve seed yield of soybean.

Keywords: Soybean, Diversity, Correlation, Path coefficient analysis

Location: Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

To see the genetic variability in twenty eight promising soybean genotypes, and carry out correlation and path analysis for yield and yield components to assists plant breeder for genetic improvement program

Methodology:

The study was conducted to assess the genetic diversity, correlation and path coefficient analysis among twenty eight soybean genotypes. Experimental material consisting of twenty eight genotypes were sown in a randomized complete block design with three replications; each plot consisted of a single row of 3 m long with row to row distance of 50 cm maintaining 10 plants per meter. Sowing was done with the help of a hand drill. Ten random plants were used to take the data on days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, seeds per plant, hundred seed weight and seed yield per plant from each plot of each replication. The data were analyzed by MSTAT program for ANOVA. Phenotypic variances, genotypic variances and error variances were estimated following Johnson et al.,1955. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were estimated according to Burton,1952.Broad sense heritability, genetic advance (GA) and genetic advance in percent of mean (GAPM) were estimated using the formula suggested by Johnson et al., 1955 and Hanson et al., 1956. Genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficient were carried out using formula suggested by Miller et al.,1958, Johnson et al.,1955 and Hanson et al.,1956. The correlation coefficients were further partitioned into components of direct and indirect effects by path coefficient analysis developed by Wright 1934 and later described by Dewey and Lu 1959.

Source of Information: MS thesis by Md. Mostofa Mahbub, Reg. No. 05-1550,Session: January-June,2013, Department of Genetics and plant breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.	Budget: Ten thousand

Total Budget (Tk.) : Ten thousand

Achievement/Findings:

All the morphological traits showed highly significant variations among the genotypes and the variations could be used in plant improvement program. Seed yield per plant, branches per plant, plant height, seeds per pod, number of pods per plant and hundred seed weight were controlled by additive gene action and selection for the improvement of these traits could be effective. Further more, among studied traits, four traits viz, plant height, pod length, seeds per pod and hundred seed weight showed highly positive correlation and positive direct effect on seed yield. Therefore, emphasis should be given on these traits during selection in breeding program in order to increase seed yield.

Knowledge Management: Thesis