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Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Eggplant Lines for Resistant to Phomopsis Blight and Fruit Rot

M. Ibrahim Khalil
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Bahadur Meah
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Mirza Mofazzal Islam
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The F4 lines of eggplant derived from the crosses of Dohazari G x BAU Begun-1 and Laffa S x BAU Begun-1 were evaluated for resistance to phomopsis blight and fruit rot under confined field conditions. The inoculated plants exhibited differential disease reactions. Among the parents, BAU Begun-1 was resistant whereas Dohazari G and Laffa S were susceptible to Phomopsis vexans. All the phenotypes of F4 progenies showed resistant reaction to the disease. Significant differences were observed among the phenotypes in all the yield components. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and per cent genetic advance were estimated for number of fruits per plant, number of secondary branch per plant, fruit length and fruit breadth. Significant positive correlation was observed between yield contributing characters. Random amplified polymorphic DNA technique was used for assessing genetic variation and relationship among parent cultivars and their F4 progenies of eggplant. Amplification with five decamer primers generated 69.0% polymorphic bands. Comparatively higher genetic distance was observed between Laffa S vs. green globose (Dohazari G x BAU Begun-1). The dendogram constructed from Nei’s genetic distance produced two main clusters, the parent cultivars and six F4 lines formed cluster 1 and one line in cluster 2. F4 lines of the tested phenotypes showed similar disease reaction and divided into same sub cluster. The parent cultivars were different in case of disease reaction and finally divided into two groups, susceptible cultivars Laffa S and Dohazari G belonged to group 1 and the resistant parent BAU Begun-1 formed another group.

Keywords: Eggplant, Resistance, Phomopsis, Characterization, RAPD

Location: Field Laboratory of the Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-2006

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Brinjal

Objectives:

1. The present research work was undertaken to evaluate the advanced lines of the crosses at F4 generation for the inheritance of the resistance trait against Phomopsis vexans and molecular characterization using RAPD markers.

Methodology:

Screening of F4 population of eggplant for resistance to Phomopsis blight and fruit rot - The experiment was conducted in the Field Laboratory of the Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh during the winter season of 2006-07. Source of seed, seedling raising and transplantation - The seeds of the varieties Dohazari G, Laffa S and BAU Begun-1 and advanced lines (F4 generation) of the intervarietal crosses of eggplant, viz. (1) Dohazari G x BAU Begun-1 (2) Laffa S x BAU Begun-1 were collected from IPM Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, BAU. Seedlings were raised in the seedbed following proper management. The seedlings at 28 days age were transplanted in the field. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. The unit plot size was 12.0 m x 2.0 m with 2 rows in each plot. Fertilizers and manures were applied at recommended doses. Application of fertilizers and transplantation were done. Weeding, irrigation and other intercultural operations were done whenever necessary. Inoculation of eggplant by Phomopsis vexans - A mixer of cultures of five isolates of P. vexans was used for inoculation. The isolates of P. vexans were collected from IPM Lab., BAU. The multiplication of P. vexans and preparation of spore suspension were done. All the plants of F4 generations and parents were inoculated at the flowering and fruiting stage. Spore suspension (5 x 106 spores ml-1) was sprayed @ 70 ml per plant. The spraying was done at afternoon and inoculated plants were covered with transparent polythene bag for 48 hours for making favourable condition of infection. Assessment of Phomopsis blight and fruit rot - After inoculation, symptoms on leaves, flowers and fruits were observed at seven-day interval up to 21 days. Data on leaf infection (%), per cent leaf area diseased (LAD), flower infection (%), fruit infection (%) and per cent fruit area diseased (FAD) were recorded. The disease severity was recorded according to the standard rating scale (1-5). The percent disease index (PDI) was calculated. Harvesting and data recording - The characters responsible for yield of eggplant were studied and data were recorded from the parents and F4 populations from all the plants. Plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit breadth and individual fruit weight were recorded in the field. The mature fruits were harvested at the edible stage at an interval of seven days. Five fruits per variety/genotype were allowed to ripe and seeds were collected from them for growing plants in the next year. Data analysis - Data were analyzed to find out the statistical significance. Analysis of variances followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was performed to test the differences between the genotypes with the computer based software MSTATC. Besides, different components of genotypic and phenotypic variance, heritability, genetic advance and correlation were also estimated. Genotypic and phenotypic variances and heritability in broad sense were estimated, genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation by the formula of Burton. The expected genetic advance (GA) for different characters under investigation was estimated. Genetic advance in percentage of mean was calculated. Genetic and phenotypic covariances were calculated. Genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients between different characters in all possible combinations were calculated.

Source of Information: Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 3 (1): 35-46, June, 2013; Available online at http://www.ijarit.webs.com; ISSN: 2224-0616

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the three parent and their 7 F4 lines studied, the cultivar BAU Begun-1 and F4 lines showed resistant reaction and rest parents showed susceptible reaction to phomopsis blight and fruit rot. According the RAPD analysis, three cultivars and 6 F4 lines grouped in same cluster and finally resistant parent formed separate sub sub cluster. Therefore, the result of the present study indicates that the variability and diversity present among the phenotypes, which will be useful for development of new eggplant cultivars.

Knowledge Management: Journal