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A Study on Improvement of Indigenous Potato Varieties of Bangladesh

Dr. Md. Abdus Siddique
Professor of Horticulture
Department of Horticulture, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Indigenous potato varieties (IPVs) are popular in Bangladesh due to their better keeping quality, good taste, low cost of production, high market demand and high price. But the national average yield of IPV is relatively low due to use of poor quality seed and sub-optimal production practices. Considering the importance, the present study, on improvement of IPV, was carried out during the period from 1985-86 to 1987-88 with the financial support of Bangladesh-Netherlands Seed Multiplication Project of BADC. A bench-mark survey on production of IPV was conducted in Bogra and Sherpur Districts. Most of the field experiments were conducted at the BAU Horticulture Farm; and on-farm trials were conducted at Trishal of Mymensingh district. Among the collected IPVs, the varieties Lal Pakri, Challisha and Pakri Lalita appeared good in respect of yield and other desirable characteristics. Positive and clonal selection techniques appeared effective for the improvement of IPVs. Late October to mid November appeared to be optimal for planting of IPVs. Seed size directly influenced the yield of IPVs. Planting of medium size tubers (20-30 mm) at a spacing of 50cm x 20cm appeared best for the production of IPV. Application of 75 % of the doses of urea, TSP and MoP recommended for modern potato varieties was found optimal for IPVs. Irrigation increased the yield of selected IPVs remarkably. Under rain-fed condition, cover mulch helped increasing the yield. On-farm trials demonstrated significantly higher yield with the use of good quality see tubers and improved method of production.

Keywords: Indigenous potato varieties, Variety improvement, Method of production, Improvement of seed quality

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-07-1985

End Date: 30-06-1988

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

(i) To improve the indigenous potato varieties (IPV) through varietal and clonal selection.

(ii) To develop an improved method for the production of IPV.

(iii) To develop a technique for production of high quality IPV seed potatoes under farmers' condition.

Methodology:

The study on improvement of IPV was conducted at BAU, Mymensingh during July 1985 to June 1988. The studies included, (i) A bench-mark survey, (ii) Field performance of 13 IPVs, (iii) Developmental pattern of 3 IPVs, (iv) Improvement of IPV seed quality through +ve and clonal selections, (v) Time of planting of 3 IPVs, (vii) Seed size and plant spacing, (vii) Perpetuation of the effect of seed size in subsequent generations, (viii) Dose and method of fertilizer application, (ix) Irrigation and cover mulch, and (x) On-farm trial on improved method of IPV production. The survey was conducted in Bogra and Sherpur districts in 1986-87. In total 192 IPV growers were interviewed. Yield performance of 13 IPVs was studied at the horticulture farm of BAU in 1986-87 and 1987-88 in RCBD with 3 replications. Developmental pattern of 3 IPVs was studied in 1985-86 through weekly harvesting from 33 to 117 DAP. Improvement of seed quality through +ve selection was studied in 1985-86, 1986-87 and 1987-88, using seed tubers of 3 IPVs collected from healthy looking plants. Improvement of seed quality through clonal selection was initiated in 1985-86 through selection of 8 clones from each of 3 IPVs. Tubers of selected clones were planted in 1986-87 and 2 clones from each variety were selected. The selected clones were used for a yield trial conducted in 1987-88. Time of planting, comprising 3 IPVs and 5 dates of planting treatments, was studied in 1984-85. For the study on seed size and plant spacing, a number of experiments were conducted in 1984-85, 1985-86 and 1986-87. In 1984-85, the treatments included 2 seed sizes and 4 plant spacing; in 1985-86, the treatments included 2 varieties of IPV and 3 plant spacing; and in 1986-87, the treatments included 3 seed sizes and 3 plant spacing. The effects of seed size in subsequent generations was studied during the period from 1984-85 to 1986-87. Fertilizer trials were conducted in 1985-6, 1986-87 and 1987-88. In the 1st year, there were 3 levels each of urea and MoP representing 33, 66 and 100 % of the recommended doses for potato; in the 2nd year, the levels of urea, TSP and MoP were 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 % of the recommended doses for potato; and in the 3rd year, the experiment conducted in the 2nd year was repeated. Irrigation and cover mulch study was conducted in 1985-86, 1986-87 and 1987-88. In 1985-86, four combinations of irrigation & cover mulch were tested on 2 IPVs; and both in 1986-87 and 1987-88, six combinations of irrigation & cover mulch were tested on 3 IPVs. On-farm trial on high quality IPV seed potatoes and improved method of production was conducted in 20 farmers' fields of Trishal, Mymensingh.

Source of Information: Department of Horticulture, BAU, Mymensingh. 57 p.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.	Budget:
2.	Budget:
3.	Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the collected IPVs, Lal Pakri, Challisha and Pakri Lalita varieties appeared to have high yield potential. Use of inferior quality seed tubers and poor crop management practices was the reason for low yield of IPVs at famers' level. Medium size seed tubers collected from selected healthy looking plants are the good quality IPV seed materials. Late October to mid November is the optimum time of planting for IPVs. A 50cm x 20cm plant spacing appeared best for IPVs. Application of 207 kg urea, 139 kg TSP and 242 kg MoP in addition to 20 tons cow-dung manure per hectare appeared optimal for the production of IPVs in medium to high fertile soil. Irrigation increased the yield of IPVs remarkably. However, use of cover mulch appeared helpful for the production of IPVs under rain-fed condition. On-farm trial demonstrated significantly higher yield of IPV with the use high quality seed tubers in association with improved method of production.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings