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Rice-fish Production Systems in Flood Prone Environments: Current Status, Constraints to Increasing Productivity, and Mitigation Strategies

M.G. Hussain
PSO (Soils)
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh

A.H.M. Kohinoor
SSO
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh

A.B.M.M. Haque
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh and Project coordinator, Fish-Rice Productivity Enhancement Research Project, Proshika.

M.A. Mazid
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Fish-rice culture is considered an ideal method of land use since the land is used to produce both rice and fish. Fish-rice culture is now developing rapidly in many countries in Asia. In Bangladesh, rice-fish culture has been gaining in popularity. Our study focused on the production potential of fish in the flood- prone ecosystem. The study was undertaken during 1998, 1999, and 2000 at Kuliarchar, Brahambaria, Narail, and Muktagacha sites attached to various river floodplains. The range of production of the different sites during 1998 was 75 to 528 kg ha^-1 and in 1999 154 to 817 kg ha^-1, In 2000, harvesting was not yet completed though the estimated production in the 5-month culture period of different sites was 426 to 1,956 kg ha', Fish production in both concurrent and alternative flood-prone ecosystems was higher than in previous years. The results of our study clearly indicated that a large potential exists for substantially increasing fish production in the deepwater flood- prone ecosystem in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Rice-fish production systems, Flood prone environments, Mitigation strategies

Location: Kuliarchar, Brahambaria, Narail, and Muktagacha

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Rice, Fish

Objectives:

To determine the current status, constraints to increasing productivity, and mitigation strategies of rice-fish production systems in flood prone environments.

Methodology:

The study was undertaken during 1998, 1999, and 2000 at Kuliarchar, Brahambaria, Narail, and Muktagacha sites attached to various river floodplains. This paper highlights the results of research done under the Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Proshika, and International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management (ICLARM) collaborative project on "Fish and rice productivity research in the flood-prone ecosystems of Bangladesh" to evaluate the production potential of fish under polyculture systems in concurrent and alternative cropping management. This paper also briefly discusses the constraints and mitigating strategies for the implementation of fish-rice culture in flood-prone environments. In 1998, all the experimental sites were affected by devastating flood. The survival rate recorded was very low because of escaping fish during the flooding period.

Source of Information: Rice research and development in the flood-prone ecosystem (2004). Proceedings of the international workshop on flood-prone rice systems held in Gazipur, Bangladesh, 9-11 January 2001. Los Banos (Philoppines): International Rice Research Institute, P:99-112.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The production performance of the different sites in the last three consecutive years during 1998 to 2000. In 1998, the range of production of the different sites was 75 to 528.6 kg ha^-1, with the highest production achieved at Kuliarchar (528.6 kg ha^-1) and the lowest at Narail (75 kg ha^-1). The survival rate of fish at the different sites was very low and ranged from 4.9% to 16.2% only. In 1999, comparatively higher production was achieved at all the experimental sites. The production of Kuliarchar, Barahambaria, and Narail sites was 508.2-544.5,398.0-817.0, and 154 kg ha^-1, respectively. The highest production (817 kg ha^-1) was obtained in Uzanishar, Barahambaria, whereas the lowest production (154 kg ha^-1) was at Narail. The survival rate was higher at all the sites in 1999 than in 1998, though in 1998 the project was affected by flash flood. Survival rates of 31.9-42.4%,23.6-59.9%, and 19.0% were obtained at Kuliarchar, Barahambaria, and Narail, respectively. The production obtained in 1998 and 1999 was not encouraging because of the drastic flood that flushed away most of the stocked fish from the project sites; only a small number of fish were recovered. In 2000, however, the fish harvesting, though not yet completed, showed a highly promising estimated production at different sites. Deepwater fish-rice farming in flood-prone environments is an ideal way of integrating aquaculture and agriculture to maximize production from both water and land areas. It offers one of the best opportunities to involve farmers in producing additional work, income, and nutrition.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings