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Impact of Appropriate Crop and Livestock Enterprises on Food Security in Vulnerable Regions of Bangladesh.

Dr. Khandaker Md. Mostafizur Rahman
Professor
Department of Agricultural Statistics, BAU, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was based on primary data collected from 120 farm households with the pretested questionaries’ through field survey. With these data collected by trained enumerators, this study aimed at estimating the contribution of livestock sector to earn livelihood by the people living in vulnerable areas of Sirajganj, Borga and Jamalpur districts. The study measured the food security indicators based on descriptive and functional analyses and observed that younger farmers were engaged in livestock enterprises to earn and affordable income. The average age of farm operators was 43.98 years at the aggregated level. Most of the farmers got credit from the government and non-government organizations to rear livestock where the share of government bank especially Bangladesh Krishi Bank was only 36 percent. Farmers used only 6.54 decimal of land for their livestock enterprises. Labour utilization per farm was about two persons and monthly salary per labour was taka 4031.15. Households’ income from livestock and poultry sector was 40 percent of total households’ income and it was the largest contributor to total income. Households’ income was significantly influenced by livestock income, age of farmer, experience of farmer and region. Farmers of Sirajganj region earned significantly higher income than that of any other region. Farmers of Sirajganj region earned significantly higher income than that of any other region. Farmers had to spend a lot of money for rearing livestock. The principal cost components were feed cost, treatment cost, cost of day old chick and labour cost. Feed cost of poultry was significantly higher than that of cattle. Farmers had to spend their limited income on different cost components such as family food, education, purchase of property, house purchase or repairing, clothing and treatment. Household’s food consumption was significantly influenced by family size and regions. Farmers of Sirajganj and Bogra regions consumed significantly higher amount of foods than that of Jamalpur region. The daily per capital protein and calorie intake were respectively 58.26g and 2248 kcal. at the aggregate level. The average absolute and hard core poverty was respectively 29 percent and 13 percent. Poverty prevalence was more in Jamalpur region than in other regions. The study suggested region wise policy options for poultry rearers and dairy farmers and also suggested that market should be developed for its well-functioning in all areas of Bangladesh to make it dynamic and well integrated so that farmers can be benefited from such intervention.

Keywords: Food Security, Livestock, Crops.

Location: The Selected area are charlands, flood prone and river erosion areas of Shirajgonj, Borga and Jamalpur districts.

Start Date: 01-07-2010

End Date: 30-06-2011

Program Area:

Commodity:

Objectives:

1. To survey different crop and livestock enterprises of the study areas. 2. To identify the most promising, profitable and labour intensive crop and livestock enterprise mix. 3. To measure the poverty level of the people. 4. To measure different food security indicators of the people. 5. To formulate policies to help the rural poor to get rid of the food insecurity and malnutrition.

Methodology:

This study would be based on primary data to be collective from farmers with pre-tested questionnaire through field survey. The trained enumerators will be employed to collect data from the farmers practicing crop and livestock enterprises. The regions Shirajgaonj, Bogra and Jamalpur districts have been selected as study areas since poor people of these regions face food shortages due to flood and river erosion in some months in a year, thus living in food insecurity and malnutrition conditions. Poverty is the major cause to food insecurity. From each district 40 farmers will be selected and data on various food security indicators or variables will be collected through direct interview method with the respondent farmers. The various food security indicators are total area cultivated, area under crop production, access to and use of inputs, number of cropping seasons, crop diversity, crop production, cash crop production, fish production, number of sources of non-farm income, crop income, livestock income, wage income, access to food, food consumption, meal frequencies per day, composition of daily meal, food expenditure, non-food expenditure, calore intake, access to credit, access to resources, access to health services, access to adequate sanitation, occupation etc. For the analysis of data, both partial and functional analysis will be carried out and appropriate statistical tools and techniques will be used, such as descriptive statistics, econometric models, t-test, f-test and Chi-square test etc. The whole study would include preparation of questionnaire, data collection and editing, data entry, analysis and report writing.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agricultural University Research Progress, Volume-22, 2011. Proceedings of the workshop of BAU Research Progress, 02-03 April 2012 and Annual workshop on BAU research Progress: 2010-2011; BAURES, 02-03 April 2012, BAU, Mymensingh, 02-03-2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.	Budget: 120000

Total Budget (Tk.) : 120000

Achievement/Findings:

1. The appropriate crop and livestock. 2. The most promising crop and livestock enterprise mix identified. 3. Poverty level estimated. 4. Different food security indicators measured. 5. Appropriate development polices suggested.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings