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The Potential of Increasing Pond Fish Production by Growing Dhaincha (sesbania Rostrata) in the Pond Bottom

L. MAZUMDER
Faculty of Fisheries Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.A WAHAB
Faculty of Fisheries Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.A.R. HOSSAIN
Faculty of Fisheries Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.J. UDDIN
Faculty of Fisheries Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. KUNDA
Faculty of Fisheries Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An on-farm trial was carried out in 12 earthen ponds at the ?Montala Village, Muktagacha, Mymensingh for a period of 4 months (July-October 2003) to assess the potential of increasing pond fish production by growing dhaincha (Sesbania rostrata) in the pond bottom. The experiment consisted of four treatments each with three replications with an object of replacement for the use of fertilizers in fish production. In treatment-I (T₁) dhaincha without fertilizer, in treatment-II (T₂) dhaincha with 25% fertilizer, in treatment-III dhaincha with 50% fertilizer and in treatment-IV (T₄) dhaincha with 100% fertilizer were used. Dhaincha seed was sown at 100 g.40m^-2 from bottom to dike. After 50 days of sowing dhaincha on the moist pond bottom, lime and fertilizer were used and fish fry were released after watering the ponds. The stocking density of rohu (Labeo rohita), catla (Catla catla), mrigal (Cirrhinus cirrhihosus), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and Thai sarputi (Puntius gonionotus) was 12,350 fish.ha^-1 in all treatments. Fertilization was done at 100 g urea + 100 g TSP.40 m^-2, 50 g urea + 50 g TSP.40 m^-2, 25 g urea + 25 g TSP.40 m^-2 in treatments T₄, T₃ and T₂, respectively and no fertilization in T₁. Some of the water quality parameters showed significant difference among different treatments, but most parameters were found within the suitable ranges for pond fish culture. Recorded periphyton groups were composed of Bacillariophyceae (9), Chloro-phyceae (10), Euglenophyceae (2), Cyanophyceae (6), Crustacea (2) and Rotifera (3). Among these groups Cyanophyceae was the most abundant in number of which Micro-cystis was most abundant. The mean abundance of Cyanophyceae in treatments T₁, T₂, T₃ and T₄ were 62,099±7,159 cells.cm^-2, 59,259±7,941 cells.cm^-2, 53,827±12,983 cells.cm^-2 and 56,419±13,015 cells.cm^-2, respectively. The mean survival rate in treatments T₁, T₂, T₃ and T₄ were 82.14, 84.53, 82.83 and 83.23%, respectively. The highest growth rate of fish observed after one month of stocking and then growth rate was decreased gradually. Highest total net fish yield was recorded in T₂ (1,619 kg.ha^-1), where 25% fertilizer was used along with Dhaincha followed by T₁ (1,249 kg.ha^-1), T₃ (1,421 kg.ha^-1) and T₄ (1,268 kg.ha^-1). It can be concluded that use of dhaincha along with 25% fertilizer would be a better environment friendly management system for pond aquaculture than the only fertilizer dependent culture practice.

Keywords: Fish Production, Dhaincha, Pond bottom

Location: Montala Village, Muktagacha, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2003

End Date: 00-10-2003

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Aquatic animal

Objectives:

To assess the potential of increasing pond fish production by growing dhaincha (Sesbania rostrata) in the pond bottom.

Methodology:

Preparation and management of ponds: Twelve earthen ponds situated at the Montala, Mymensingh district of Bangladesh were used for this experiment. The experiment was conducted from 2 July 2003 to 31 October 2003. The experiment consisted of four treatments and three replications. Treatment-1 comprised of 3 ponds each with area of 7 to 10 decimals (1 decimal = 40 m²). Treatment-2 com-prised of 3 ponds each with area of 7 to 10 decimals, treatment-3 com-prised of 3 ponds each with area of 8 to 15 decimals and treatment-4 com-prised of 3 ponds each with area of 8 to 22 decimals. The experiment designed in T₁-Dhaincha plus no fertilizer, T₂-Dhaincha plus 25% fertilizer, T₃–Dhaincha plus 50% fertilizer and T₄-Dhaincha plus 100% fertilizer. In the month of May all selected ponds became dry with slightly moist bottom. Dhaincha seeds were then sown at 100gm.decimal^-1 from bottom to dike. After 50 days lime was applied at 1kg.decimal^-1 in all the treatments. Fertilization was done at 100g urea + 100g TSP.decimal^-1 in treatment-4, 50g urea + 50g TSP.decimal^-1 in treatment-3, 25g urea + 25g TSP.decimal^-1in treatment-2 and no fertilizer in treatment-1. All the treatment ponds were stocked with the same stocking density of 5, 9, 10, 13, 8 and 5.decimal^-1 of silver carp, catla, silver barb (rajputi), rohu (rui), mrigal and common carp (carpio), respectively. Dhaincha was submerged with increasing of pond water that was used as green manure and the stems of unsubmerged dhaincha were used as substrates for the growth of periphyton. All ponds were also fertilized fortnightly with the mentioned doses. The farmers supplied rice bran as supplemental feed. Measurement of water quality parameters: Water quality parameters in the ponds such as water temperature, Secchi depth, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, PO₄-P, NO₃-N, NH₃-N and chlorophyll-a were measured fortnightly. Water temperature (°C) was measured with the help of a thermometer, dissolved oxygen (mg.L^-1) measured with the help of a portable DO meter (Model-Lutron DO-5509), pH of water was determined with the help of a portable pH meter (Corning pH meter 445 model), NO₃-N and PO₄-P of water were determined with the help of a portable Spectrophotometer, (HACH-DR/2010), chlorophyll-a was determined by using a spectrophotometer (Milton Roy Spectronic, Model 1001 plus) after filtering 100 ml of water sample through Whatman filter paper, Model-GF/C, circles 47 mm. Estimation of growth, survival and yield of fish: To estimate growth, five fish were sampled of each species fort-nightly with the help of a cast net from each pond. Then the length (cm) and weight (g) of individual fish were recorded separately with the help of a measuring scale and an electronic balance. Fish survival for each treatment and replication was estimated on the basis of number of fish harvested at the end of the experiment. The gross and net yield of fish for each treatment were determined by multiplying the average gain in weight of fish both in gross and net by the total number of fish survived in each treatment at the end of the experiment. Yield per treatment were then converted to yield per ha.

Source of Information: Asian Fisheries Science 22(2009):1189-1199

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The use of dhaincha along with 25% fertilizer would be a better environment friendly management system for pond aquaculture.

Knowledge Management: Journal