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Prevalence of Coliform and Salmonella in Cultured Prawn (macrobrachium Rosenbergii ) Ghers of Different Management Conditions at Dumuria, Khulna, Bangladesh

Alokesh Kumar Ghosh
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

Kohinur Akter
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

B.M. Shahinur Rahman
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Chandpur, Bangladesh

Joyanta Bir
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

Khandaker Anisul Huq
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An investigation was carried out to enumerate the coliform bacteria (Total coliform and faecal coliform) and to detect the pathogenic bacteria, Salmonella in cultured prawn at Dumuria, Khulna region from August to October, 2011. Fifty four prawn samples were collected from eighteen prawn farms under three management conditions viz traditional, improved traditional and semi-intensive management system. The samples were analyzed in Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics laboratory of Fisheris and Marine Resource Technology Discipline at Khulna University. The average number of total coliform was observed 15.33 MPN/g, 87.00MPN/g and 355.84 MPN/g and the average faecal coliform was observed 4.83 MPN/g, 10.00 MPN/g and 22 MPN/g in semi-intensive, improved traditional and traditional management farms respectively. The TC and FC of semi intensive and improved traditional management system were within the good quality range (<100 MPN/g and 11 MPN/g) but in traditional management system it exceeded the limit. Salmonella spp. was absent both in semi- intensive and improved traditional management system but found only in traditional management system where raw cow dung, poultry faeces, raw meats were used. Bacterial loads of prawn samples were different because the management conditions were not similar and the water sources of the farms were different.

Keywords: Traditional, Total coliform, Salmonella.

Location: Dumuria upazilla, Khulna district

Start Date: 00-08-2011

End Date: 00-10-2011

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Prawn

Objectives:

To enumerate the total coliform and faecal coliform bacteria and to detect Salmonella in cultured prawn of different management condition.

Methodology:

Study area: Dumuria upazilla under Khulna district was selected for the study purpose in where huge numbers of fresh water prawn ghers are available. In this area fresh water prawns were cultured under different management conditions such as, semi-intensive, improved traditional and traditional. Sample collection: For the purpose of the study 54 samples of harvestable sized giant fresh water prawns from 18 farms were collected from three different types of managed farms. Eighteen samples of fresh water prawns were collected from traditional farm, eighteen samples were collected from improved traditional farm and eighteen samples were collected from semi-intensive farm. The selected farms were not situated in the same area or not nearly adjacent to each other. Samples of harvestable size prawn (10 to 20 prawns / kg) were collected from three management condition and the weight of the one sample unit was 50 -100g. The prawns were harvested by using cast net and samples were handled with hand gloves and were collected in sterilized polythene bags by sealing the bags. Collected samples were kept in insulated sample collection box instantaneously and the temperature was maintained below 50c using ice in the sampling box. Samples were transported to the Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics laboratory of Khulna University within one hour after sampling. Condition of Prawn Farms: In semi intensive system, fertilizer was used and nutritional feed was supplied. Predators and competitors were controlled, water quality and prawn health were monitored regularly. Production cost was high, it included the elimination of predators and competitors and controlled over all aspects of water quality. In improved traditional system, fertilizer was also used and a balanced feed was supplied. Predators and competitors were also controlled, sometimes water quality and prawn health were monitored. Production cost was not so high. In traditional or extensive culture system cow dung, poultry faeces were used as manure. There was no control of water quality, the growth or mortality was not monitored; supplemental feed and fertilization was rarely applied. Analytical Method: The experiments of bacteriological parameters of collected samples were performed in the Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics laboratory of Khulna University. Bacteriological parameters of prawn samples were determined by following the ISO methods. All the tests were done in triplicate. Enumeration of Total Coliforms and Faecal Coliforms by MPN Method: This method is based on MPN procedure using Lauryl Sulphate Triptose Broth (LSTB) in a presumptive test, followed by confirmation of gas positive tubes using Brilliant-Green Lactose Bile Broth (BGLBB), each being incubated at 37⁰C ± 1⁰C and 44^OC ± 0.5⁰C for 48 hrs respectively for LSTB and BGLBB and formation of indole in triptone water. The procedure was followed according to the ISO 4831 (third edition) of bacteriological method.

Source of Information: International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | Vol. 3, No. 4, p. 68-74, 2013

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It was found that the lowest number of total coliform and faecal coliform were found in the semi- intensive management system. On the other hand, the highest number of total coliform and faecal coliform were enumerated in traditional or extensive management system. Salmonella spp. was not identified in semi- intensive and improved traditional management system but observed only in traditional management system where raw cow dung, poultry faeces, raw meats were used. Therefore, use of raw cow dung, poultry faeces and raw meats, might be the possible source of pathogenic bacteria in freshwater prawn farms.

Knowledge Management: Journal