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Genetic Divergence in Brassica Rapa L.

S. Naznin
Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding, Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

M. A. Kawochar
Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding, Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

M. S. Sultana
Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding, Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

N. Zeba
Professor
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

S. R. Bhuiyan
Professor
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Different multivariate analysis techniques were used to classify 33 Brassica rapa L. genotypes. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. Cluster I contained the maximum number of genotypes. Cluster III earned the highest cluster mean value for number of primary branches/plant, number of secondary branches/plant, number of siliquae/plant and seed yield/plant. Therefore, more emphasis can be given on cluster III for selecting genotypes as parents for the hybridization program. The highest intra-cluster distance (3.822) was found in cluster I and the lowest (0.000) in cluster V. The highest inter-cluster distance (15.705) was observed between clusters III and V showing wide diversity among the groups. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the first three principal components accounted for 99.38 % of the total variation observed. Analysis of the factor loading of the component character indicated that the characters number of siliquae/plant, plant height and days to maturity were found responsible for genetic divergence. The role of number of siliquae/plant in both the vectors was important components for genetic divergence in these materials. Among the possible 528 combinations, the highest inter-genotypic distance (1.5975) was observed between G-27 (BARI sarisha-9 x BARI sarisha-6 S-62) and G-31 (BARI sarisha-15). Considering group and inter-genotypic distance, cluster mean, contribution of different characters towards the total divergence and other agronomic performance the genotypes G-19 (BARI sarisha-6 x TORI-7 S-48), G-20 (F6 x BARI sarisha-9 S-52), G-27 and G-30 (BARI sarisha-6 x TORI-7 S-37) from cluster III; G-26 (F₆ x BARI sarisha-9 S-15) and G-31 from cluster IV and G-33 (BARI sarisha-6) from cluster V would be considered as better parents for future hybridization program.

Keywords: Genetic diversity, Principal component analysis, Principal coordinate analysis, Cluster analysis, Brassica rapa L.

Location: Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University farm, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2012

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Turnip

Objectives:

To collect information on genetic divergence in the genotypes and selection of suitable diverse parents for the utilization in future hybridization program.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University farm, Dhaka, during rabi, 2011-12. Thirty-three genotypes were used in this experiment where three of them were used as checks. Among the genotypes, thirty were selected from F₉ segregating generation on the basis of their variation in different traits. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Each plot was 3m long with two rows. The distance of 10 cm between plants, 30cm between rows and 1m between blocks were maintained. Seeds were sown in lines in the experimental plots on 29^thOctober 2011. Recommended doses of fertilizers and standard cultural practices were applied for raising healthy crops. Data were recorded on randomly ten selected plants from each plot and plants were selected from middle to avoid border effect of the plot. Data were recorded on days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of primary branches/plant, number of secondary/branches plant, number of siliquae/plant, siliqua length (cm), number of seeds/siliqua, 1000 seed weight (g) and seed yield/plant (g). All the collected data of the study were subjected to statistical analysis. Multivariate analysis viz., Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCO), Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) and Cluster Analysis were done by using GENSTAT 5 Release 4.1 (PC/Windos NT) software program. Using standardized data, numerical measures of likeness/similarity were computed and distance matrix was constructed using Euclidean Distance Coefficients. Clustering by UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group of Arithmetic Mean) method was executed. Dendogram was constructed by using the SPSS.16 software. PCO is equivalent to PCA but it is used in calculating inter genotypic distance and intra cluster distance for all possible combination. When the clusters were formed, the average intra-cluster distances for each cluster was calculated by taking possible D² values within the member of a cluster obtained from the PCO. CVA was performed to get the inter cluster distances. Principal Components were computed from the correlation matrix (variance-covariance coefficient) and genotype scores were obtained from the first components. Two dimensional scatter diagram was prepared by using principal component score I in X-axis and II in Y-axis. . The factor loadings of characters were used from PCA for identifying the major characters responsible for maximum variability. Contribution of the different morphological characters towards divergence was discussed from the latent vectors of the first two principal components.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(3): 421-433, September 2015, ISSN 0258-7122

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the possible 528 combinations, the highest inter-genotypic distance (1.5975) was observed between G-27 (BARI sarisha-9 x BARI sarisha-6 S-62) and G-31 (BARI sarisha-15). Considering group and inter-genotypic distance, cluster mean, contribution of different characters towards the total divergence and other agronomic performance the genotypes G-19 (BARI sarisha-6 x TORI-7 S-48), G-20 (F₆ x BARI sarisha-9 S-52), G-27 and G-30 (BARI sarisha-6 x TORI-7 S-37) from cluster III; G-26 (F₆ x BARI sarisha-9 S-15) and G-31 from cluster IV and G-33 (BARI sarisha-6) from cluster V would be considered as better parents for future hybridization program.

Knowledge Management: Journal