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A Comparison of the V4 Strain with the Conventional F1 and M Strain of Newcastle Disease Vaccine in Rural Bangladesh.

Dr. H. R. Biswas
Animal Health Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka-1314, Bangladesh.

M. M. Hoque
Animal Health Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka-1314, Bangladesh.

S. M. Z. H. Chowdhury
Animal Health Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka-1314, Bangladesh.

M. E. Oxley
Mennonite Central Committee (MCC), Dhaka, Bangladesh.

M. M. Rahman
Central Poultry Farm, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Bangladesh indigenous chickens of mixed ages vaccinated twice at a three week interval with either conventional vaccines-F₁, (ocular) and M (mukteswar, Intramuscular), or heat resistant V1 vaccine administered by either the ocular or oral routes, all showed satisfactory hemagglutination inhibition antibody response to F1 and M was higher than for V₁, which was similar whether administered by the ocular or oral routes. All vaccinated treatments have a significant level of protection compared to the control group (p <0.01). No significant different (p <0.05) in the protection against controlled challenge with virulent NCD virus was found between vaccinated groups.

Keywords: Newcastle disease conventional vaccines (F1, M Strains), Heat Resistant V4 Vaccine, Chickens

Location: Noakhali and Lokhipur districts, Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Poultry

Objectives:

To evaluate for the first time the efficacy of the NDV₄HR vaccine compared to the F₁ and M strains when administered in a manner simulating a large scale rural poultry vaccination programme in Bangladesh

Methodology:

The trial was conducted with 5300 indigenous chicken in 446 subsistence level rural household in the Noakhali and Lokhipur district of Bangladesh. Field activities were implemented by 12 female field workers within the Mennonite Central Committee (MCC) farming systems research and extension programme. Each of the 12 working areas was divided into four parts of approximately equal areas. Four treatments were randomly assigned to the four parts thus making each complete working area one replication. The trial was conducted in areas not previously involved in MCC poultry vaccination programmes., The four treatments therefore become: 1) No intervention with NCD vaccine; 2) F (Eye drop) and Mukteswar (Intramuscular); 3) NDV₄HR Oral); 4) NDV₄HR (Eye drop). A commercial live freeze dried NDV₄HR vaccine in 100 dose vials produced by Arthur Websters Pty Ltd., Sydeny, New South Walse, was purchased and supplied to MCC and BLRI by Checchi and Company Consulting inc. The F₁ and M strains were collected from the Sudharam Thana Livestock Office on March 13 and April 5, 1993. In each of the 3 vaccinated treatments 2 vaccination rounds were administered at a 3 week interval. For the conventional vaccination the F₁ strain was given by the ocular method to all chickens up to 2 months of age, and the M strain ws administered by the intramuscular route to all birds aged 2 months or more. A baseline blood sample survey was taken approximately one week before the first vaccination. The birds were tagged and sent to BLRI for controlled on-station challenge. The birds were challenged intramuscularly with 0.25 ml of 103 EID 50 virus per bird. Challenged birds were observed for 15 days. Postmortem examinations were conducted on all birds that died during the challenge period.

Source of Information: AJAS 1996 Vol. 9 (No. 2) 231-235

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results do not show any clear difference in the efficacy of the different vaccinated treatments. However, the thermostability and case of administration of the V₄ vaccine offers distinct advantages relative to the F₁ and M strains. IN Bangladesh, chickens are generally free to scavenge around the household area during the daytime and then housed in small baskets at night in the farmers house. Chickens are more accessible for vaccination than in South East Asian countries such as Malaysia where percious work has been conducted with the V₄ vaccine. It may therefore be found that ocular route of application is equally appropriate to oral administration for a rural vaccination programme in Bangladesh. All vaccinated treatments have a significant level of protection compared to the control group (p <0.01). No significant different (p <0.05) in the protection against controlled challenge with virulent NCD virus was found between vaccinated groups.

Knowledge Management: Journal