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Aqua Drugs and Chemicals Used in Aquaculture of Zakigonj Upazilla, Sylhet

Afnan Alam Chowdhury
Senior Farm Officer
Sherpur Fish Hatchery, C.P. Bangladesh Co., Ltd., Bangladesh

Md. Shahab Uddin
Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet- 3100, Bangladesh

Suvashis Vaumik
Farm Officer, Sherpur Fish Hatchery, C.P. Bangladesh Co., Ltd., Bangladesh

Abdulla-Al-Asif
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In order to investigate present status of aqua chemicals and drugs used in various aquaculture activities in Zakigonj upazilla, Sylhet. A survey was conducted, with carp polyculture, tilapia and catfish farmers, aqua-medicine sellers, representatives of pharmaceuticals companies, from July 2014 to November 2014. Each group consisted of 25 respondents. According to the survey the most common dose of lime used by the farmers during pond preparation (62.67%) and culture period (53%) is 0.5-1 kg/40m2. Urea and TSP used by the farmers mostly during culture period with most common dose of 100-150g/40m2(37.3%) and 50-100 g/40m2 (68%) respectively. Various categories of aqua drugs and chemicals were identified that were used by fish farmers for different purposes such as water quality management, disinfectants, improve dissolve oxygen level, disease treatment, antibiotics and growth promoter. Many pharmaceutical companies were found to provide these aqua drugs and chemicals with different trade names to fulfill the farmers demand. For pond and water quality management lime, urea and TSP are mostly used. Bleaching powder, Timsen, EDTA, Polgard, Virex, Aquakleen, Germnill, Pond safe were widely used as disinfectant. Health management and disease treatment were the major activities where farmers were seen to use a lot of chemicals. A range of chemicals including antibiotics were found available in market and being used in the aquaculture sector. Commonly found traditional chemicals in heath management included Potassium permanganate, Lime, Salt, Virex, Timsen, Aquakleen, Germnil, Pond Safe, Deletrix, Spa, Albez, Ablez were used regularly for disease treatment. Mostly used antibiotics are Renamycin, Oxysentin 20% Chlorsteclin Oxy-D Vet, Aquamycin, Orgamycin 15 %, Orgacycline-15% etc. Major active ingredients of these antibiotics were oxytetracycline, chlorotetracycline, amoxicillin, doxycycline etc. There are approximately fifty two pharmaceutical companies have been recorded to market around 300 products. Most of the products have been marketed from different countries like USA, Thailand, Malaysia, Belgium and China etc. The study also indicated some problems associated with the use of such chemicals due to lack of knowledge of farmers about the use of chemicals, appropriate dose, method of application and their indiscriminate use of chemicals. The study also highlighted the names and approximate price of aquaculture chemicals available with the chemicals sellers in Zakigonj, Sylhet.

Keywords: Aqua drugs; Chemicals; Aquaculture

Location: Zakigonj upazilla, Sylhet.

Start Date: 00-07-2014

End Date: 00-09-2014

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Non-commodity: Analysis and interpretations

Objectives:

To investigate present status of aqua chemicals and drugs used in various aquaculture activities in Zakigonj upazilla, Sylhet.

Methodology:

According to the objectives of the study, a survey schedule (for 75 farm owner, 25 shopkeepers and marketing representatives of different pharmaceutical companies) was prepared to collect the expected data. At first a set of questionnaire was prepared and pre-tested to verify the relevance of the questions and the nature of the sample producers. After pre-testing and necessary adjustment, a final set of questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire covered mainly farmer’s profile, culture details, type of chemicals used with dose and price. The survey was carried out five months from July 2014 to November 2014. Since aquaculture activities in Zakigonj area quite diversified, data were collected from different target group to have an overall picture of the drugs and chemicals used in aquaculture in this area. Data were collected from 75 pond owners randomly covering the selected study areas. For each category of farmers, five unions were selected depending on the intensity of fish farming for specific target groups. Then five farmers were selected randomly from each union. Data were collected through questionnaire interview. The questionnaire was composed of both closed and open form of question. A set of preliminary questionnaire was prepared. Major topic of questionnaire were the name of chemicals, active ingredients purpose of use, method of application and doses duration, source, effects on environment, impact on health and productivity. For the interview, simple random sampling method was followed. The collected data were scrutinized and summarized carefully before the actual tabulation. Some of the data were collected into local units and those data were converted into international units. After data entry, the data were analyzed with Microsoft Excel.

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, (Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2015, 1 (2), 336-349; doi: 10.3329/ajmbr.v1i2.25628) ISSN 2411-4472 (Print) 2412-5571 (Online) www.ebupress.com/journal/ajmbr

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study demonstrated current status of drugs and chemicals using in aquaculture in Zakigonj upazilla and pointed out some problems of the use of chemicals by the farmers which include lack of knowledge of the chemicals, doses and methods of application of these chemicals. There are few alternatives to minimize the adverse effects of aquaculture chemical are simply use less of them. Other alternatives could be used as bioremediation and use of probiotics, immunostimulants, vaccination and alternative therapeutic. However, policy makers, researchers and scientists should work together in addressing the issues of chemical use in aquaculture with the view to reduce the negative impacts.

Knowledge Management: Journal