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Hematological and Histo-architectural Damages in the Kidney and Liver of Nile Tilapia on Exposure to Kinalux

MTA Nannu
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh;

GM Mostakim
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh;

MH Khatun
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh;

MK Rahman
Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh

MI Sadiqul
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh;

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Study was conducted to assess the histo-architectural damages of kidney and liver and hematological parameters in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after sub-lethal exposure to kinalux. Fish was exposed to two sub-lethal concentrations (10% and 50%, 0.052 and 0.259ppm of median lethal concentration, respectively) of kinalux for 90 days and a parallel control was run simultaneously. Kidney and liver of exposed individuals exhibited some remarkable changes in their histology in comparison to control. Significant changes also occurred in the number of red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC). Duration of exposure appears to have a profound effect on kidney and liver as with increasing duration of exposure histo-architectural damages become more severe.

Keywords: Hematology, Histopathology, Kinalux 25EC, Oreochromis niloticus, Organophosphate pesticide

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Tilapia

Objectives:

To evaluate the sub-lethal effects of kinalux on histopathological alterations in the vital organs like kidney and liver and hematological changes of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus as a laboratory animal model.

Methodology:

Kinalux 25EC toxicity was assessed using tilapia as an aquaculture model in this experiment. Two hundred live and healthy tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) purchased from local fish farm of Mymensingh. Standard length and average body weight of the experimental fish were 6.21±0.67cm and 4.17±1.46g, respectively and allowed to acclimatize to the laboratory conditions for two weeks before experiment. Kinalux 25EC was purchased from the authorized dealer of Mymensingh. Ten fishes were randomly selected from the stock and exposed to different concentrations of kinalux (0.3, 0.4, 0.7, 0.8, 1.0 ppm) for 96 hours to determine the median lethal concentration (LC₅₀). Water was replaced daily with fresh kinalux mixed water to maintain constant level of kinalux during exposure period. The LC₅₀ value for kinalux was 0.518 ppm. Based on the result of the 96h LC₅₀ of kinalux, 100 fishes of Nile tilapia were exposed for 90 days to the sub-lethal concentrations of 10% and 50% value of the LC₅₀ of the kinalux. A control group was maintained simultaneously. All these experiments were performed in triplicates. For hematological and histological studies, three fishes were removed from each treatment including control at fifteen days interval up to the end of 90 days exposure period. They were randomly selected from each group and immediately sacrificed by pinning through the brain and samples like blood, liver and kidney were collected from the dissected fishes. Blood samples were used to measure red blood cell count and white blood cell count (RBC and WBC) which was done immediately. RBC and WBC counts were carried out in a Neubauer chamber after saline (0.9% NaCl solution) dilution of the blood. For the histological study specimens were preserved in 10% formalin and histological examination was done using standard histological technique. All data obtained in test was analyzed using probit method and one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post-hoc testing using Duncan mean, performed with SPSS version 16. The data are presented as mean±standard deviation of the means.

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture 26: 173-178, 2015, ISSN:1017 - 8139

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.banglajol.info/index.php/PA/article/view/25979

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of the present investigation reveal that under experimental condition, hematological parameters and some organs of tilapia were sensitive to kinalux exposure. These findings permit us to conclude that kinalux is highly toxic to fish. Hence, the presence of kinalux in waterways could have adverse impact on the survival of the fish. Therefore it is necessary to monitor, the level of kinalux in aquatic environments.

Knowledge Management: Journal