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Biology of Mango Defoliator, Cricula Trifenestrata Helfer (saturniidae: Lepidoptera)

Farid Ahmed
Department of Entomology, Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture (IPSA), Salna, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh.

M. Zinnatul Alam
Department of Entomology, Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture (IPSA), Salna, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Mango defoliator, Cricula trifenestrata Helfer studied under field conditions by artificial infestation. passed through five larval instars. Creamy white eggs of about 1.98 mm length and 1.52 mm breadth were deposited in rows on the dorsal leaf margin @ 86.80-98.30 eggs per leaf. The mean egg viability was 59.07 and 50.47% for generations I and II, respectively. The larval instars were markedly distinguished by color, morphology, behavior and morphometric measurements. The mean duration of the larvae was 29.3 days for generation I and 25.9 days for II. The pre pupal and pupal periods were 2.25 and 23.1 days for generation I and 2.0 and 22.7 days for generation II. respectively. Female pupa can be identified by the presence of loosely arranged cremaster at extremity of the last abdominal segment in addition to their larger size.

Keywords: Mango, Defoliator, Cricula Trifenestrata, Pests

Location: Department of Entomology, Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture (IPSA), Salna, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-02-1992

End Date: 00-07-1992

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects

Objectives:

To study the biology, morphology, and behavior of certain stages of this pest.

Methodology:

A heavy infestation of C. trifenestrata was observed on mango plantation of IPSA by its population of fourth generation during the month of September to December, 1991. At the beginning of a generation of egg masses were identified in rows on the dorsal margin of the leaves. In order to study the biology, morphology and behavior of different stages of the insect, four similar low headed plants (1.5-1.75 m height and 1.5-1.80 m width of canopy) of grafted variety of "Fazli" were selected from mango plantation of IPSA. Three out of four plants were made infestation free from eggs, pupae and all other previous damage symptoms. The other was maintained with eggs deposited in masses to serve as stock plant for ensuring continuous supply of required stages of larvae as and when required. In the month of March (generation I), ten first instar larvae after hatching were collected along with the portion of foliage, clipped from the infested leaf of the stock plant. These ten larvae were artificially infested on leaves of each of the three selected test plant with the help of soft camel hair brush. Each of the three plants served as a replication. The second, third, fourth and fifth instar larvae from the stock plants were similarly transferred to the test plants except clipping to compensate missing or dead (if any) larvae to maintain a 0% mortality during the entire period of study. Detailed observations were taken during the first (February-April, 1992) and second (May-July, 1992) generations of the pest. Different biological data from larvae to pupation were recorded on test plants. The number of eggs deposited per leaf by female on stock plant and its viability were recorded. Morphometric measurement of some field collected eggs were taken under microscope attached with a micrometer. At least 20 observations were taken for determining the egg size, egg deposition per leaf, and egg viability. The larval instars were ascertained by the presence of exuviae attached with the infested leaves. The identification of male and female pupae was done by their size and arrangement of "cremaster" at the extremity of the last abdominal segment. The pre pupal period was recorded under field condition. But the pupal period was noted under controlled laboratory condition maintained at 27 ± 1.5°C and 45 ± 3.5% RH. Morphometric measurements a development time for different stages were recorded on the basis of ten samples replicated three times. The larval color, morphological characteristics for each larval stage and their behavior were observed in the field. Certain morphological characteristics of different field-collected larvel instars were examined under microscope attached with TV monitor.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 12(2): 151-156, 1994 (December), ISSN: 0253-5432

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study conducted under the field conditions would be helpful to adopt a practical and judicious management systems for this pest. The leaf consumption by different stages of the larvae under the field conditions and the parasitoids acting as natural biological control agents were studied and reported elsewhere.

Knowledge Management: Journal