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Characterization of Mustard Germplasm

R Afroz
PGRC, BARI, Gazipur

M T Islam
PGRC, BARI, Gazipur

M A Hossain
PGRC, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted with 54 accessions of mustard (Brassica rapa and Brassica juncea) and rapeseed (Brassica napus) at PGRC, BARI, Gazipu. The maximum variability was found in leaf blade shape in outline such as 25.93% orbicular, 42.59% elliptic, 16.67% ovate, 3.70% lanceolate and 11.11% oblong. Leaf incision showed entire, sinuate, lyrate and lacerate types of variation. The maximum range for number of siliqua per plant was 177 to 1517.8 followed by plant height was 54.6 to 225.2 cm; Seed yield per five plants was 0.195- 165. The maximum coefficient of variation 134.17% was obtained from percent of plant lodging and minimum 9.62% of days to 80% maturity. The Shannon-Weaver Diversity Index for qualitative characters ranged from 0.13 (flower colour) to 0.79 (leaf incision), and for quantitative characters ranging from 0.25 to 0.88 for percent of plant lodging and number of primary branches per plant, respectively.

Keywords: Mustard, Characterization, Germplasm

Location: Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Plant

Objectives:

i) To study the genetic diversity in mustard germplasm, ii) to identify salient features that distinguish germplasm from one another and iii) to identify germplasm having useful traits.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur during September 2013 to May 2014. The location of the site is 24.00⁰ N latitude and 90.26⁰ E longitudes at an altitude of 8.40 m above sea level. The climate of the experimental site is subtropical. The soil of the experiment field was silty clay in texture, having a pH of 6.5. The date of sowing was on 12 November, 2013. The experiment was conducted in RCBD with three replications. The spacing was followed for line to line distance 40 cm and each bade 4 m. The recommended doses of fertilizers and manure were applied at the time of land preparation such as Urea- 300kg/ha, TSP-180kg/ha, MP-100kg/ha, Gypsum-180kg/ha and Zinc oxide- 0.5kg/ha (Mondol et. al, 2011). Melathion 57EC was applied (2 ml/l) for controlling aphid. Normal cultivation techniques, intercultural operations and irrigation were applied to grow the crop. Data were recorded on 12 qualitative and 12 quantitative characters as per IBPGR descriptor for Brassica (IBPGR, 1990) and colour was recorded by using Royal Horticultural Colour Chart. The species was identified for individual accession. The variability for each qualitative and quantitative character was computed using the standardized Shannon- Weaver Diversity Index (Siopongco et. al., 1999), designated as H’ and has the formula: H’= -∑pi(log₂pi)/log₂n. Where pi= frequency proportion of each descriptor state, n= number of states. For the qualitative character the following construction of frequency classes were used, with the class boundaries equal to some faction of mean and standard deviation. The Shannon- Weaver Diversity Index has classified the diversity index into high (>0.75), medium (0.50 to 0.75) and low (<0.50). The value, 0 indicates absence of diversity and 1 indicates maximum diversity (Siopongco et. al., 1999)

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, PGRC, BARI, 2013-2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Twelve qualitative characters were studied. The maximum variation was observed in leaf blade shape in outline such as 25.93% orbicular (14 acc.), 42.59% elliptic (23 acc.), 16.67% ovate (9 acc.), 3.70% lanceolate (2 acc.) and 11.11% oblong (6 acc.) and leaf division (incision) such as 3.70% entire (2 acc), 62.96% sinuate (34 acc.), 31.48% lyrate (17 acc.) and 1.85% lacerate (1 acc.). Minimum variation were observed for seedling leaf colour viz. 57.41% light green and 42.59% green; axilliary stem and bud growth viz. 61.11% elongate, branching leafy stem and 38.89% elongate branching stems terminating in flower buds or pre floral meristem; stem colour viz. 77.78% green and 22.22% green-purple; siliqua attitude viz. 72.22% erect and 27.78% semi-erect; flower colour viz. 1.85% white and 98.15% yellow. The computed diversity indices for the qualitative characters, range from 0.13 (flower colour) to 0.79 (leaf division incision) with a mean diversity value of 0.48. The diversity values showed low variation in flower colour (0.13) and seed colour (0.28). High variation on the other hand was observed for leaf division incision (0.79) and leaf blade shape in outline (0.71). All other characters exhibited medium variation. The mean diversity index of 0.48 indicated existence of medium variation within the collection. The maximum range of number of siliqua per plant was 177 to 1517.8 and mean 441.69. In plant height, mean 120.76 cm and range, 54.6 to 225.2 cm, in number of seed per siliqua range 11.4 to 46.8 and mean 19.42. The maximum coefficient of variation 134.17% was obtained from percent of plant lodging followed by percent of siliqua shattering 106.69%, seed yield per five plant 66.83% and number of siliqua per plant 60.07%,. Percent of coefficient of variation indicated the variability among the accessions comparing within the characters. The quantitative variation of individual accessions is presented in Table 4. Only one character exhibited a low diversity value of 0.25 and this is for the percent of plant lodging (%). All the rest gave high diversity values ranging from 0.74 (days to first flowering) to 0.88 (number of primary branch per plant). High degree of variation exists within the collection for the quantitative characters, as reflected by mean diversity value of 0.70. Pooling of diversity values for the qualitative and quantitative characters gave an overall diversity index of 0.59, indicated of medium variability existing within gremplam.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings