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Characterization of Amaranth Germplasm

N. Pervin
PGRC, BARI, Gazipur

M. T. Islam
PGRC, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Plant Genetic Resources Centre of BARI, Gazipur during 2013-14 to know the diversity of 40 accessions of amaranth (Amaranthus spp). Leaf (15%) and stem (85%) amaranth were identified during characterization. Qualitative character variation was found in branching index, stem and leaf pubescence, leaf shape, leaf margin, terminal inflorescence shape, terminal inflorescence attitude and inflorescence density index. Different color variations were exhibited in stem (green 17.5% and pink or purple 82.5%), leaf ( Entire lamina purple or pink 70%, Margin and vein pigmented 5%, Normal green 17.5% and other 7.5%), petiole (green 17.5%, purple 45% and dark purple 37.5%)and inflorescence ( green 17.5%,pink 12.5%,red 10% and other 60%). The highest CV was found in length of top lateral branches (56.26%) and the lowest in terminal inflorescence stalk length (23.48%).

Keywords: Amaranth, Inflorescence, Characterization

Location: Plant Genetic Resources Centre of BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Plant

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to study the genetic diversity in amaranth germplasm, to identify salient features that distinguish germplasm from one another and to identify germplasm having useful traits.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Plant Genetic Resources Centre of BARI, Gazipur during winter 2013-14. Forty accessions of amaranth were used in this study. Line sowing was done in 3m long of 3 rows plot with two replications. Row to row distance was 40 cm and plot to plot distance was 64 cm. The seeds were sown on 17 November, 2013. Chemical fertilizers such as urea 260 kg/ha, TSP 140 kg/ha, MP 150 kg/ha and gypsum 60 kg/ha were applied (FRG, 2012). The one third quantity of urea and all TSP, MP and gypsum were applied during land preparation. Remaining urea was applied in two equal installments at 15 and 35 days after sowing. Plants of one replication were isolated with nylon net to control cross pollination and the seeds were collected from this plants. Normal cultivation techniques and intercultural operations were followed to have a good crop. Data were recorded as per AVRDC descriptors for amaranth.

Source of Information: Annual Research Reports, PGRC, BARI, Gazipur 2013-14

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

On the basis of leaf and stem quality, the whole accessions were classified as leaf and stem amaranth. Among them 15% accessions (BD-9790, BD-9795, BD-9797, BD-9808, BD-9815 and BD-9825) were identified as leaf amaranth and the rest 85% accessions were stem amaranth. Slow (85%) and very slow (15%) germination rate was observed among the accessions. Erect growth habit was found in all 40 accessions. No branches (15%), few branches (2.5%) and many branches (82.5%) of branching index were observed among the accessions. Stem pubescence none (72.5%) and low (27.5%) was found. Maximum (82.5%) accessions showed purple or pink stem color and minimum (17.5%) accessions showed green stem color. Spines in leaf axils was absent in all the accessions. Leaf pubescence none (42.5%) and low (57.5%) was observed among the accessions. Leaf pigmentation was entire lamina purple or pink (70%), margin and vein pigmented (5% ), normal green (17.5% ) and other (7.5% ). Lanceolate (22.5%), elliptical (55%), ovatainate (2.5%), rhombic (2.5%) and oval (17.5%) leaf shape were found among the accessions. Leaf margin showed entire (75%), crenate (20%) and undulate (5%). Rugose leaf veins were found in all accessions. Petiole pigmentation green (17.5%), purple (45%) and dark purple (37.5%) occurred among the accessions. Most (70%) of the accessions showed spike types of terminal inflorescence shape and the rest (30%) accessions were club-shaped at tips. Terminal inflorescence attitude was erect (65%) and drooping (35%). Axillary inflorescence was present in all the accessions. Inflorescence density index was found such as dense 60% accessions and intermediate was found in 40% accessions. Inflorescence color such as green (17.5%), pink (12.5%), red (10%) and other (greenish pink, reddish - 60%) was exhibited among the accessions. Maximum 82.5% accessions showed black seed and minimum accessions (17.5%) showed red seed. Opaque seed coat type and round seed shape were found in all 40 accessions. Range, mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation are shown in Table 2. Days to flowering ranged from 50 to 123. On an average, plant height was 78.56 cm. Length of basal lateral branches and length of top lateral branches were 7.4 to 58.4 cm and 2.2 to 28.1 cm, respectively. Terminal inflorescence stalk length ranged from 9.8 to 24 cm. Length of axillary inflorescence ranged from 4.94 to 20.3 cm. 1000 seed weight ranged from 0.5 to 1.4g. The highest CV was found in length of top lateral branches (56.26%) and the lowest CV was found in Germination period (9.86%). Some promising accessions were identified (BD-9809, BD-9827/a, BD-9782/a) and these accessions can be used for varietal improvement of stem and leaf amaranth.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings