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Characterization of Foxtail Millet Germplasm

Iftekhar Ahmed
PGRC, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

One hundred accessions of foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beaur) were characterized at plant Genetic Resources Centre (PGRC), BARI, Gazipur during winter, 2013.Variability showed in different plant characters (growth habit, plant pigmentation, leaf colour), inflorescence characters (inflorescence lobes, inflorescences bristles, lobe compactness, inflorescence compactness, inflorescence shape, and inflorescence colour) and seed characters (seed colour). In quantitative characters, average plant height was 132.32 cm. One to three tillers per plant, 13 to 30 cm inflorescence length and 4.33 to 21 cm peduncle length were recorded among the accessions. Co-efficient of variation was higher in number of tiller per plant (27.55%) followed by peduncle length (24.70%) and the lowest in days to flowering (4.26%).

Keywords: Characterization, Foxtail millet, Germplasm, Peduncle length

Location: Plant Genetic Resources Centre BARI, Joydebpur

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Plant

Objectives:

To study the genetic variation (ii) to identify salient features that distinguish accessions from one another and (iii) to identify the promising accessions for future use by end users.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Plant Genetic Resources Centre BARI, Joydebpur during winter, 2013. The land was prepared with proper cultivation and raising bed. Recommended fertilizer dose (Urea- 100, TSP- 75 and MP- 40 kg/ha) was applied in the field. TSP and MP were applied as basal dose and urea was applied as top dressed at two installments (Mondal et al., 2011). The seeds of 100 accessions were direct sown in the bed on 12 December, 2013. Each accession was occupying 3m plot with four rows. Line to line distance was 40 cm and plant to plant distance was 5 cm. Distance maintained between accessions was 80 cm. Irrigation was given at tillering, flowering and grain filling stage for ensuring proper growth and development of the crop. Weeding was also done as and when required. Crop was reasonably free from any disease or insect damage and no chemical sprays were applied. Crop field was surrounded by repellents strip to protect the birds. Crops were harvested at their different maturity dates mainly in April 2014. All of the observation was recorded as per Descriptor for Setaria italica (1983) and statistical analysis was done using Genstate software.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, PGRC, BARI, 2013-2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Most of the accessions showed erect type (94) but only six accessions showed little different from erect. i.e. erect geneculate. Plant pigment was absent in maximum (96) accessions, where deep purple plant and pigmented plant was showed in one and three accessions, respectively. Leaf colour was green in most accessions (96) but pigmented (4) leaf also exhibit among the accessions. No variation was observed in blade pubescence, sheath pubescence and senescence. Very slight (83 accessions) to medium (17 accession) lodging showed among the accessions. Inflorescence lobes were short in maximum number of (70) accessions followed by long lobes (28 accessions) but no inflorescence lobes and large and thick inflorescence lobe was present in one accession each. Short but obvious inflorescence bristles were the highest (54) followed by medium inflorescence bristle (34). However very short (9) and long (3) inflorescence bristle also exists among the accessions. Loose inflorescence lobes was highest (50) followed by medium lobe compactness (33) but compact (11) and spongy lobes (9) also appeared under the studied germplasm. Open inflorescence (42) and medium compact inflorescence lobes (42) were expressed on majority of the accessions while compact inflorescence (16) also found among the accessions. Spikelet arrangements were around the axis in all accessions. Maximum number of accessions (78 and 64) showed green coloured and cylindrical shape inflorescence followed by purple colour (22) with pyramidal (29), globose to elliptic (3) and obovate (3) respectively. White (58), orange (19), yellow (11) and black (12) colour seeds were found among the accessions. Range, mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variations were shown in Table 2. Days to 50 % flowering and days to mature seed harvest were 76 to 92 days and 116 to 149 days after sowing, respectively. On an average, leaf blade length, leaf blade width and leaf sheath length were 38.91, 2.41 and 14.66 cm, respectively. Plant height reached from 100.33 to 175.0 cm. Peduncle length was 4.33 to 21 cm and average inflorescence length was 22.18 cm among the accessions. Number of tiller per plant ranged from 1 to 3. The highest coefficient of variation was found in number of tiller/ plant (27.55 %) followed by peduncle length (24.70%) and coefficient of variation in inflorescence length were also high (15.28 %). Days to seed harvest and days to 50% flowering showed the lowest (4.85 % and 4.26 %) coefficient of variation. Considering the above characteristics some of accessions (BD-862, BD-867, BD-901, BD-940, BD-950, BD-951, BD-1067 and BD-1094) has been shown batter performance.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings