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In Vitro Conservation of Potato Germplasm

M.T. Islam
PGRC, BARI, Gazipur

R. Afroz
PGRC, BARI, Gazipur

S. Rahman
PGRC, BARI, Gazipur

M. A. Hossain
PGRC, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Two experiments were conducted with 9 potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties to evaluate the in vitro conservation. In the first experiment nodal explants of 6 potato varieties viz. Diamant, Cardinal, Dheera, Provento, Asterix and Lady Rosseta were cultured in culture tube for 8 weeks on MS medium containing 0, 20 and 40g/l sorbitol with 2% sucrose while in the second experiment 3 varieties such as Almira, BARI Alu-37 and BARI Alu-41 were cultured in glass jar for 8 weeks on MS medium containing 0, 20 and 40g/l mannitol with 3% sucrose. All the potato varieties initiated roots and shoots within 10 days. Minimum number of leaves (10.2 and 9.4), shoots (1.2 and 1.8), shoot length (3.4 and 4.0 cm) and roots (11.3 and 6.6) were obtained from higher concentration of 40g/l sorbitol and mannitol, respectively. Maximum number of leaves (16.3 and 22.8), shoots (2.0 and 5.4), shoot length (8.0 and 9.4 cm) and roots (7.9 and 8.6) were obtained from growth retardant free MS medium of the first and second experiments, respectively. The leaves were yellowing at 8 weeks culturing in the first experiment. Mannitol (40 g/l) with 3% sucrose and glass jar culture vessel performed better for in vitro conservation of potato varieties.

Keywords: In vitro, conservation, Potato

Location: PGRC, BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

The study was undertaken to evaluate the 9 potato varieties for in vitro conservation.

Methodology:

Two experiments were conducted with 9 varieties of potato such as Diamant, Cardinal, Dheera, Provento, Asterix, Lady Rosseta, Almira, BARI Alu-37 and BARI Alu-41 at the In vitro Conservation Laboratory of Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur during 2013-14. Nine varieties were collected from TCRC for this study. Plantlets were developed in MS medium and approximately 3-4 weeks aged plantlets were used in the experiment. The MS media containing (0, 20g and 40 g/l sorbitol or mannitol) were prepared. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 5.8 before autoclaving and the media were solidified with agar @ 8 g/l. The medium was autoclaved at 1.06 kg/cm² pressure and 121°C for 20 min. In first experiment, nodal explants from Diamant, Cardinal, Dheera, Provento, Asterix and Lady Rosseta were prepared under Laminar Air Flow aseptically and inoculated one explant of each variety into long test tube (25 x 150 mm) containing 15 ml MS medium supplemented with 0, 20 g and 40g/l sorbitol, and 2% sucrose. In second experiment, nodal explants of Almira, BARI Alu-37 and BARI Alu-41 were prepared and inoculated two explants of each variety into glass jar containing 30 ml MS medium supplemented with 0, 20 g and 40g/l mannitol and 3% sucrose. Each nodal explant having one node and one leaf was cultured. The explants were incubated for eight weeks in a culture room at 22 ± 1°C under about 500 lux light provided by cool-white fluorescent tubes maintaining a 16/8-hr alternate light/dark cycle and 60-70% relative humidity. Percent of root and shoot initiation, days to root and shoot initiation, number of leaf, shoot and root, length of shoot of plantlets were recorded. The experimental set up was in a completely randomized design with five replications and each replication consisted of 5 explants. Data from the experiment were subjected to ANOVA and mean calculation were carried out using the MSTAT program.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, PGRC, BARI 2013-14

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Effect of sorbitol on in vitro growth and development from nodal explant of six potato varieties were observed. The highest, 97% root initiation was exhibited on MS containing 20g sorbitol/l while the lowest 87% root initiation was found in 40g sorbitol/l. The 6 potato varieties had 87 to 93% root initiation. The combination of 20 and 40g/l sorbitol with the varieties produced 80 to 100% root initiation. The highest shoot initiation (100%) was found in both 0 and 20 g/l sorbitol and the lowest shoot initiation (93%) was found in 40 g/l sorbitol.The varieties produced 93 to 100% shoot proliferation. The combination of 0 and 20g/l sorbitol with all varieties produced 100% shoot proliferation. However, the lowest 80% shoot initiation was exhibited in 40g/l sorbitol with BARI Alu-25 and BARI Alu-28. Earlier root initiation (5 days) was observed in 0 and 20g/l sorbitol and BARI Alu-25 took the lowest. Without sorbitol the plantlets were produced the maximum number of 16.3 leaves per shoot while the minimum number of leaves (10.2) was obtained from 40g sorbitol/l. BARI Alu-28 produced the maximum of 19.3 leaves. The minimum number of leaves was obtained from BARI Alu-12 (11.1). MS medium produced the higher number of 2.0 shoots. The remaining treatments were produced 1.0 to 1.2 shoots. Potato varieties were produced 1.0 to 2.5 shoots per plantlet. The highest (8.0 cm) and the lowest (7.9 cm) shoot lengths were obtained from sorbitol free MS media and 40 g/l sorbitol, respectively. Maximum shoot length was obtained from BARI Alu-28 with MS (11.3cm) while the minimum from BARI Alu-8 with 20 g/l sorbitol, and BARI Alu-28 with 40 g/l sorbitol (both 2.5 cm). Sorbitol (4.0 mg/l) produced the highest number of 11.3 roots per shoot while the lowest number of roots (7.9) was obtained from without sorbitol. The maximum number of roots (12.1) was obtained from BARI Alu-12 while the minimum number of 8.5 roots was obtained from BARI Alu-8. At 8 weeks culturing, the terminal leaves of some varieties were become yellow. BARI Alu-28 was the superior for shoot proliferation through node culture. Mannitol (40 g/l) with 3% sucrose and glass jar culture vessel showed better conservation of potato plantlet which is still going on.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings