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Effect of Fungicides in Controlling Wilt Disease of Cumin

K. M. Khalequzzaman
Plant Pathology Division, BARI

M. A. Wadud
Plant Pathology Division, BARI

M. M. Hasan
Plant Pathology Division, BARI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at Spices Research Centre, BARI, Shibganj, Bogra, Bangladesh during 2014-15 to find out the effective fungicides in controlling wilt disease of cumin. The treatments were five fungicides viz. Sunvit 50 WP @0.5%, Secure @0.02%, Rovral 50 WP @0.2%, Bavistin DF @0.25%, Provax 200 WP (0.25%) and one control (untreated). Cumin line CN 026 was used in the experiment. Wilt incidence ranged from 13.45 - 37.69%, while the lowest incidence was recorded In Bavistin treated plots which was statistically similar to Provax and Sunvit, and the highest incidence was recorded in control. Bavistin (0.25%) gave the highest number of umbels/plant, number of umbel lets/plant, number of seeds/umbel, number of seeds/plant, weight of seeds/plant and seed yield (586.5 kg/ha) which was followed by Provax and Sunvit, and the lowest of these parameters were obtained from control treatment.

Keywords: Fungicide, Cumin, Wilt disease

Location: Spices Research Centre, BARI, Shibganj, Bogra,

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Cumin, Fungicide

Objectives:

, The present study was undertaken to find out the effective fungicides in controlling wilt disease of cumin through seed treatment and soil drenching.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Spices Research Centre, BARI, Shibganj, Bogra, Bangladesh during Rabi season of 2014-15 to find out the effective fungicides in controlling wilt disease of cumin through seed treatment and soil drenching. The experimental plot was prepared with five ploughing and cross ploughings followed by laddering to break the clods as well as level the soil. The weeds and stubbles of previous crops were collected and removed from the soil. Cowdung 5 t/ha, N @ 70 kg/ha, P @ 25 kg/ha and K @ 50 kg/ha were applied. The entire quantity of cowdung, P and K were applied during final land preparation. Nitrogen was applied in two equal splits one at 20 days after germination and the other half at flowering stage followed by irrigation. The experiment was carried out following Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Size of the unit plots was 3.0 m × 1.2 m and plant spacing was 30 cm × continuous sowing. Cumin line CN 026 was used in the experiment. Five seed treating fungicides and one control were used as treatment. The treatments were T₁=Sunvit 50 WP (Copper Oxichloride) @0.5%, T₂=Secure 600 W (Phenamidone + Mancozeb) @0.2%, T₃=Rovral 50 WP (Iprodion) @0.2%, T₄=Bavistin DF (Carbendazim) @0.25%, T₅=Provax 200 WP (Carboxin + Thiram) @0.25% and T₆=Control (untreated). Seeds were treated before sowing as per treatment and crop base at soil level was sprayed with the fungicides 5 times at an interval of 10 days from seedling to flowering stage. Treated seeds were sown on November 18, 2014. Five weeding were done at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after emergence and five irrigation were also applied just after five days of each weeding. Other intercultural operations were done to maintain the normal hygienic condition of crop in the field. Rovral 50 WP (0.2%) was sprayed five times at an interval of 10 days to control Alternaria blight of cumin. The plots were inspected regularly to take observations on wilt disease from seedling to maturity stage of the crop. Dead plants were counted and removed from the field. Disease plant parts were collected in laboratory for identifying wilt causal pathogens. The crop was harvested from March 25-30, 2015. Data were recorded on wilt incidence, plant survival, number of primary branches/plant, plant height at harvest, number of umbels/plant, number of umbel lets/plant, number of seeds/umbel, number of seeds/plant, weight of seeds/plant and seed yield (kg/ha). The incidence of wilt of cumin was recorded at every alternate day. The incidence of wilt disease of cumin was calculated.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, Plant Pathology Division, BARI--2014-15

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Wilt incidence was significantly influenced by the treatments. Wilt incidence ranged from 13.45 - 37.69%, while the lowest incidence was recorded in Bavistin treated plots which was statistically similar to Provax (17.10%) and Sunvit (19.92%), and the highest incidence was recorded in control treatment which was followed by Secure and Rovral. The highest plant survival (86.55%) and disease reduction over control (64.31%) was obtained from Bavistin treated plots, and the lowest were obtained from untreated control plots (62.31%) and Rovral 50 WP (19.26%), respectively. Results on effect of fungicides on growth characters of cumin are presented in Table 2. Fungicides did not show any statistical effect on number of primary branches/plant and plant height at harvest. Primary branches of cumin were more or less same (4.30-5.00) among the treatments. The tallest plants (48.30 cm) at harvest were recorded in Provax treated plots and the smallest (43.20 cm) plants were recorded in Bavistin treated plots. Number of umbels/plant, number of umbel lets/plant, number of seeds/umbel, number of seeds/plant and weight of seeds/plant were significantly influenced by the fungicides. The highest number of umbels/plant (57.49) was obtained from Bavistin treated plot which was statistically at par with Provax treated plots (52.00) and the lowest number (34.23) was obtained from control treatment. Bavistin resulted the highest number of umbel lets/plant (183.49) which was followed by Provax (177.78) treated plots. Number of seeds/umbel varied from 19.84 - 30.20, where the highest was recorded in Bavistin and the lowest was recorded in control treatment. Bavistin treated plots showed the highest number of seeds/plant (373.58) and weight of seeds/plant (1.93 g) which was followed by Provax and Sunvit, and control treatment showed the lowest number and weight of seeds/plant with 201.53 and 0.95 g, respectively. Significantly the highest seed yield (586.5 kg/ha) was recorded in Bavistin treated plots which was followed by Provax (541.7 kg/ha) and Sunvit (525.0 kg/ha) treated plots, and the lowest yield (390.5 kg/ha) was obtained from control plots. Economic analysis of different fungicides against wilt of Cumin are presented in Table 5. The marginal benefit-cost ratio (MBCR) has been worked out based on the expenses incurred and value of yield obtained from the treated plot for the control of Alternaria blight in Cumin. It was noted that expenses incurred referred to those only on disease control. It was revealed that the highest marginal benefit-cost ratio (2.48) was obtained from Bavistin DF (0.25%) treated plots. It may be concluded that seed treatment and five times spraying at crop base at soil level with Bavistin DF (0.25%) or Provax 200 WP (0.25%) at an interval of 10 days from seedling to flowering stage decreased wilt incidence and increased seed yield of cumin. Bavistin DF (0.25%) gave the highest MBCR (2.48).

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings