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Evaluation of Fungicides Against Rhizoctonia Oryzae-sativae, the Causal Fungus of Aggregate Sheath Spot of Rice

S. B. Jahan
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi

M. A. Ali
Plant Patholog Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

S. Alam
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi

Z. R. Moni
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. S. Mian
Plant Pathology and 3Plant Breeding Divisions, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An in-vitro investigation was conducted to screen eight fungicides against Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae, the causal fungus of aggregate sheath spot disease of rice. The fungicides were Amistar top 325 SC (Azoxystrobin), Carbendazim 50WC (Carbendazim), Differ 300EC (Difeconazole-propiconazole), Folicur 250EW (Tebuconazole), Monceren 250SC (Pencycuron), Mancodazim 63%+12% (Mancozeb-Carbendazim), Nativo 75WG (Trifloxystroin-Tebuconazole) and Propi 25EC (Propiconazole). Potato dextrose agar (PDA) was amended with the fungicides at 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 10.00 and 100.00 ppm. Amended PDA was poured into Petri dishes at 20 ml per dish and inoculated with mycelia blocks of R. oryzae-sativae. Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae was found to be sensitive to all the fungicides tested. Carbendazim showed strong activity against the pathogen showing the lowest LD (lethal dose) 90 values (0.8 ppm) and LD₅₀(0.1 ppm). Field trial was conducted to test the efficacy of all fungicides to control aggregate sheath spot of rice. Of them Carbendazim, Tebuconazole and Trifloxystroin-tebuconazole significantly reduced disease development and increased rice yield by 14.58, 11.88 and 9.79%, respectively.

Keywords: Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae, Aggregate sheath spot, Fungicides, Rice

Location: Research Farm of BRRI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2012

End Date: 00-00-2013

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The present piece of research was conducted to evaluate efficacy of eight fungicides in-vitro and under field condition to control R. oryzae-sativae isolated from aggregate sheath spot infected rice sheaths.

Methodology:

In-vitro evaluation of fungicides Eight fungicides namely Amistar top 325SC (Azoxystrobin), Carbendazim 50WC (Carbendazim), Differ 300EC (Difeconazole-propiconazole), Folicur 250EW (Tebuconazole), Monceren 250SC (Pencycuron), Mancodazim 63%+12% (Mancozeb- Carbendazim), Nativo 75WG (Trifloxystroin Tebuconazole) and Propi 25EC (Propiconazole) were tested in the experiment. Each of the fungicides was tested @ 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 10.00 and 100.00 ppm. Independent experiment was conducted to test each fungicide. The test fungus, R. oryzae-sativae (Isolate MY- 1) was obtained from Plant Pathology Division, BRRI, Gazipur. Poison food technique was followed in the experiment using potato dextrose agar (PDA) as the basal medium. Stock solution of 1000 ppm concentration was prepared in distilled water. Ingredients of PDA were mixed in 500 ml distilled water in conical flasks and appropriate quantity of stock solution was added to each flask to have required concentrations of individual fungicides. The mixture was thoroughly mixed and autoclaved at 12⁰C under 0.80 kg/cm² pressure for 15 min. The amended PDA was dispensed into glass Petri dishes (90 mm dia) at 20 ml per dish. Plates received PDA without amendment served as control. Five millimeter diameter mycelium blocks were cut from actively growing zones of 3-day-old R. oryzae-sativae culture which were used as inocula. The inocula were placed at the center of PDA plate keeping the up side down. The inoculated plates were arranged on the laboratory desks of Plant Pathology Division, BRRI, Gazipur. Three plates (replications) were used for each treatment. The plates were incubated at room temperature (30±2⁰C). Diameter of colony of the fungus in plates containing amended PDA was measured when the mycelia in control plates reached the rim of the Petri dishes. Percentage of mycelium growth inhibition was computed based on colony diameter in control Petri dishes using the following formula: Growth inhibition (%) =(C-T)/C X 100, Where, C= Growth of fungus in control plate, T = Growth of fungus in treated plates. Field evaluation of fungicides Based on findings of the in vitro test, five fungicides namely Carbendazim 50WC, Differ 300EC, Folicur 250EW, Nativo 75WG and Propiconazole 25EC were selected for their field evaluation against aggregate sheath spot during T. Aus seasons of 2012 and 2013 in the Research Farm of BRRI, Gazipur. BRRI dhan 48 was used in the experiment. Carbendazim, Propiconazole and Folicur were suspended in water at 0.90%. Suspension of Differ and Nativo was prepared in water at 0.18 and 0.036%, respectively. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications and 3m x 2m unit plot and plot to plot distance was 50 cm.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Plant Pathol. 30(1&2): 7-12, 2014; ISSN 1012 9279

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on findings of the present investigation it may be concluded that aggregate sheath spot disease causes considerable yield loss and Carbendazim, Folicur or Nativo may be recommended to control the disease and to save yield loss. However, before final recommendation benefit cost ration need to be determined.

Knowledge Management: Journal