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Study of Seed-borne Fungal Pathogens of Kataribhog Aromatic Rice and Comparison of Field Intensity with Laboratory Counts

M.K.J. Kakoly
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

M.M. Rashid
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

M. Shamim Hasan
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Md.Nurealam Siddiqui
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Eight landraces of Kataribhog aromatic rice viz. Philippine, Radhunipagal, Bolder, Zota, Tajmohal, Zira, Behulabasor and Badhua were grown to investigate the prevalence of seed-borne fungal pathogens during 2010 and 2011. Disease severities in field level were recorded once on leaf blast and brown spot at 80 days after transplanting and neck blast, node blast and grain spot at 30 days after heading. The blast severity was recorded in the mother crop during 2010 ranged from 19.22 to 26.30% in leaf, 23.27 to 64.89% in neck and 15.19 to 25.45% in node whereas in the subsequent crops of 2011 recurring from 2010 were 19.21 to 34.60% in leaf, 21.54 to 60.48% in neck and 15.98 to 31.77% in node. The yield losses due to neck blast were 13.26 to 36.99% and 12.28% to 34.48% in 2010 and 2011, respectively. The brown spot severity was found 26.60 to 46.76% in 2010 and 28.28 to 48.45% in 2011 whereas the grain spot severity was 19.88 to 64.94% in 2010 and 23.83 to 70.82% in 2011. In laboratory study, the Bipolaris oryzae infected seed ranged 8.64 to 18.37% by blotter test. The growth of Pyricularia grisea, Alternaria padwickii and Curvularia spp. were absent in blotter test but presence of conidia ranged from 6.38 to 10.77, 3.36 to 7.52 and 8.62 to 16.55, respectively per 50 seeds in washing test. In dry inspection test, apparently healthy seeds, discolored and spotted seeds were found 2.50 to 70.25 %, 0.75 to 10.75% and 1.50 to 43.25 %, respectively. The germination of seeds in soil substrate ranged 87.00 to 93.00%, abnormal seedlings 18.00 to 48.00%, infected seedlings 16.00 to 38.00% and dead seeds 7.00 to 13.00%. The yield were 2.01 to 3.28 t/ha during 2010 whereas 1.81 to 3.21 t/ha during 2011. The average yield gap among the landraces was 77.34%. Finally, the yield gap value indicated that there was much risk of seed-borne fungal diseases for all landraces of Kataribhog rice.

Keywords: Disease severity, Conidia, Kataribhog landraces, Seed health, Yield

Location: Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-

Start Date: 00-08-2010

End Date: 00-11-2010

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The present piece of research work has been aimed to evaluate the field intensity of blast, brown spot and grain spot diseases and to compare between field intensity and laboratory counts.

Methodology:

Disease severity study at field - The field experiment was conducted during the period of August 2010 to November 2010. The seedlings of eight Kataribhog landraces viz. Philippine, Radhunipagal, Bolder, Zota, Tajmohal, Zira, Behulabasar and Badhua were used and collected from the farmers used as treatments. The research plot was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Thirty (30) days old seedlings were transplanted on 9th August, 2010 in the experimental plot. Plant spacing was maintained 20cm. × 15 cm. using 3 seedlings/ hill where total hills were 200 per plot. The same experiment was carried out in the next cropping season. Data were recorded from the ten out of 200 hills per plot on the severity of leaf blast, neck blast, node blast and brown spot once when maximum disease appeared. The percent spotted grain was recorded at maturation stage at 30 days after heading (DAH). Data related to disease was recorded by following the Standard Evaluation System for Rice for sorting out resistant genotypes. The disease severity was evaluated by using the following formulae: Disease severity (DS) = (Area of plant tissue affected/Total assessed area) x 100. andPanicle Blast Severity (PBS) = [(10xN₁) + (20xN₃) + (40xN₅) + (70xN₇) + (100xN₉)]/Total assessed area, Where N₁-N₉ are the number of panicles with score 1-9.

Source of Information: International Journal of Biosciences | IJB , ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print) 2222-5234 (Online), Vol. 4, No. 1, p. 66-74, 2014

Article Link (Online Journal): doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/4.1.66-74

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The growth of A. padwickii and Curvularia spp. were also absent in the blotter test but the seeds were found to be presence of conidia ranged from 3.36-7.52 and 8.62-16.55, respectively per 50 seeds in the washing test. This may be due to the fact that in the seed samples the conidia present on the seed surface were not viable or were not able to grow in the laboratory conditions, and hence they were unable to produce any growth on the seed surface in the blotter test. The viability tests of conidia from the washing test were not done due to the same reasons as of P. grisea.

Knowledge Management: Journal