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Effect of Plant Growth Regulators and Fertilizer Management Practices on Reproductive Growth of Bitter Gourd (momordica Charantia L.)

M A Momin
Director (Research) Office, BRRI, Gazipur

ABM J Islam
RFS Division, BRRI, Gazipur

A Hossain
Seed Technology Division, BARI Gazipur

M M Rashid
AFSP, BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted to examine the effect of growth regulators (IAA and Ripen-15) and fertilizer management practices on the flowering, fruit-set and yield of bitter gourd (Hybrid Corolla- Penta Green) during April to July 2007 at the Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. The experiment was considered of two factors. Factor A: Different plant growth regulators viz. hormone control, IAA, Ripen-15 and IAA + Ripen-15 and Factor B: Fertilizer management practices viz. fertilizer control, organic manure and inorganic manure. It was laid out in the two factors randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The data obtained for different characters were statistically analyzed to find out the significance of the plant growth regulators and fertilizer management practices. The tallest plant at 1st flowering time (163.90 cm), the lowest ratio of male and female flower (3.08), the maximum fruit weight (129.10 gm) were recorded from the application of IAA + Ripen-15, but the maximum number of fruit (18.26) and highest yield (21.89) was found from application of Ripen-15 and the minimum was recorded in the control treatment. The tallest plant at 1st flowering (160.72 cm), the lowest ratio of male and female flower (3.06), the maximum number of branches (11.86), nodes (26.33), female flowers (23.72) fruits (16.35) maximum fruit weight (119.92 gm) per plant and the highest yield (19.11 t/ha) were recorded from the application of inorganic manure and the minimum was recorded in control condition. Interaction effect between plant growth regulators and fertilizer management practices showed a statistically significant variation in case of most of the recorded characters. The combination of Ripen-15 and inorganic fertilizer gave the highest gross return (Tk. 510,000) which was closely followed by Ripen-15 and inorganic fertilizer.

Keywords: Plant Growth Regulators, Bitter Gourd, Fertilizer Management

Location: Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-04-2007

End Date: 00-07-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Bitter gourd

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to assess the response and interaction effect of plant growth regulators (Ripen-15 and Indole 3- Acetic Acid), organic and inorganic fertilizer on the flowering, fruit set and yield of bitter gourd.

Methodology:

Experimental site, climate and planting materials - The research was conducted at the Horticultural farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka- 1207, during the period from April to July 2007. The experimental field was located at 90⁰22' E longitudes and 23⁰41' N latitude at an altitude of 8.6 meters above the sea level. The land was in Agro-Ecological Zone of Madhupur tract (AEZ No-28). It was deep red brown terrace soil and belonged to “Nodda” cultivated series. The soil was sandy loam in texture having pH 5.47 to 5.63. The experimental area was under the subtropical monsoon climate, which is characterized by heavy rainfall during Kharif season (April to July) and scantly of rainfall during the rest of the year. Seeds of Hybrid corolla- Penta green (Bitter gourd) were obtained from the Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation (BADC), Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, and Dhaka. Used in the experiment. Application of growth regulator and fertilizer application - Experiments consist of two factors. There were four treatments of growth regulators (Ripen-15 and IAA) in the experiment. H₀: Control (No Hormone), H₁: IAA (200 ppm), H₂: Ripen-15(200 ppm), H₃: IAA + Ripen- 15 (mixture of 200 ppm of each). For fertilizer cow dung (15 t/ha, F₁) and inorganic fertilizer (F₂) urea (150kg/ha), TSP (125kg/ha) MoP (100kg/ha) were used. The selected growth regulator was applied at three times, first at 7 days after transplanting (DAT) at the 8 leave stage, second after 27 DAT and third at 47 DAT (just or before the flower initiation stage) with the help of hand sprayer. The organic manure and chemical fertilizers were applied during final land preparation. In case of organic treatment, recommended dose of cow dung plus recommended dose of urea was converted to cow dung (according to supply of nutrient by urea and cow dung) and the total amount of cow dung was applied. In inorganic treatment recommended dose of urea plus recommended dose of cow dung was converted to urea (according to supply of nutrient by urea and cow dung) and the total amount of urea was applied. Sowing of seeds and transplanting of seedling - Seeds were sown in poly bags having compost mixed soil on 14 April 2006 for germination and seedling rising. Two seeds were sown in each poly bag. The poly bags were kept in shady place. They were watered regularly during the seedling-raising period. When the seedlings (11 days old) attained 4 leaves and hard enough, they were transplanted in the main field on 25 April 2006. Intercultural operations - The crop was kept free from weeds by regular weeding and irrigated as when required. There was a plan to protect the plant from the attack of insects-pests specially fruit flies and fruit borer by spraying of pesticides. Since there was no incidence of disease no fungicide was applied in the crop field during the experimental period. Six bamboo poles were set slantingly keeping 5 feet high from the ground level in every plot. The poles were connected to one another tightly by iron rope in such a way that they make opposite “V” shaped. A net from rope were placed on iron rope. Thus a trellis for each plot was made for creeping the vines of crop. Statistical analysis - The recorded data on different parameters were statistically analyzed using MSTAT software to find out the significance of variation resulting from the experimental treatments. The mean for the treatments was calculated and analysis of variance for each of the characters was performed by F (variance ratio) test. The differences between the treatment means were evaluated by LSD test at 5% probability.

Source of Information: Eco-friendly Agril. J. 6(12): 273-278, 2013 (December); ISSN 1999-7957

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the study, it might be concluded that both fertilizer management practices and plant growth regulators (Ripen-15 and IAA) had the positive effect up to a certain limit on the sex modification, fruit set and yield of bitter gourd. Among the three treatments of fertilizer management practices significantly the highest positive effect was recorded with inorganic fertilizer. Again, among the three treatments of plant growth regulators, Ripen-15 significantly the highest positive result was obtained on the sex modification, fruit set, fruit length and yield of bitter gourd except in number of nodes and number of branches at first flowering. The concentration 200-ppm “Ripen-15” along with inorganic fertilizer may be used to get desirable flower initiation, fruit set and yield of bitter gourd.

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