Agricultural Research Management Information System

Home
Research Summary
Search
About Us
- ARMIS
- Brochure
Contact Us
Report
User Request
Data Input
Help
- Operation Manual
  - PDF
  - Video
- Program Area & Commodity
We have reached 37600 number of research entries at this moment.

- Logout

Research Detail

Home
Research
Detail

Application of Biological Soil Disinfestation (bsd) for Controlling Foot and Root Rot of Lentil and Fusarium Wilt of Chickpea

S. Mowlick
Plant Pathology Division, BARI

M. Z. Rahman
Plant Pathology Division, BARI

M. H. Rashid
Plant Pathology Division, BARI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Biological soil disinfestation (BSD) deals with the suppression of plant diseases by incorporation of plant biomass under the activity of anaerobes in anoxic condition. Field experiments were carried out to investigate the potentiality of biological soil disinfestation (BSD) in suppressing two important diseases of pulse crops such as foot and root rot of lentil as well as fusarium wilt of chick pea in the research field of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Rahmatpur, Barisal. Four types of plant biomass, viz., mustard plants, rice bran, weeds, and neem leaf were incorporated into soil as BSD treatments, whereas other two treatments exclude the plant biomass as control. Mustard-treated plots showed minimum disease incidence (7.8%) in lentil and yield data of most of the treatments were statistically similar. All treated soil reduced the fusaium wilt incidence in chickpea. There was significant variation in the yield data of the BSD-treated plots with the control. The significantly highest yield was obtained from weeds treated and treated control plots, whereas the lowest from the non-treated control plots.

Keywords: Root rot, Foot rot, Lentil, Fusarium wilt, chickpea

Location: Regional Agricultural Research Station, Rahmatpur, Barisal

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Chickpea, Lentil

Objectives:

This study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of BSD to control foot and root rot disease of lentil as well as fusarium wilt of chickpea

Methodology:

The experiments were conducted at the research field of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Rahmatpur, Barisal in the rabi season during 2013-14. The experimental site was located under the agro-ecological zone Ganges Tidal Floodplain (AEZ-13). The soil type was medium high land and soil texture was loamy. The field was frequently used for lentil and chickpea cultivation in the previous years and both foot and root rot of lentil as well as fusarium wilt of chickpea were very common in the field. A group of soil borne fungi including Fusarium, Sclerotium, Rhizoctonia etc. was identified from the field soil sample (1 g) through dilution plate technique in potato dextrose agar (PDA) media. The plot size for each treatment was 2.0 × 3.0 m². The number of treatments used in this experiment was six distributed in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The recommended doses of manures and fertilizers for lentil and chickpea were incorporated into soil. The soil was treated with various plant biomass sources such as mustard plants @2kg/plot (TB), rice bran @750 g/plot (TR), neem leaf @ 500 g/plot (TN) and weeds @ 2 kg/plot (TG) together with applying irrigation water and covering with black polythene to maintain strictly anaerobic condition in 20 November, 2013. The name of treatments excluding plant biomass was designated as TC (uncovered and no plant biomass) and TW (covered, no biomass and irrigated). For the treatments TB, TR, TN, TG, and TW, anaerobic condition with plastic tarping was maintained for about 2 weeks. In the 07 December, 2013, black polythene was uncovered followed by plowing the soil to degas the treated soil. Both lentil (BARI Lentil 1) and chickpea (BARI Chickpea 5) seeds were sown in separate experimental plots at a line to line spacing of 30 cm and 40 cm respectively in 08 December. All the pots were inspected regularly and intercultural operations such as watering, weeding and insect control were done as and when necessary. The natural incidence of foot and root rot in lentil and fusarium wilt in chickpea was recorded in all pots at 15 days interval. Finally disease incidence was calculated by the following formula: Disease incidence (%) = (Number of infected plants in each plot /Total number of plants in each plot) × 100. Harvesting of lentil and chickpea was done in 09 March and 31 March 2014, respectively. Data were analyzed by MSTAT-C software.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, Plant Pathology Division, BARI--2013-14

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The natural incidence of both foot and root rot of lentil and fusarium wilt of chickpea was observed in the field. For lentil, smaller number of plants were infected by the disease in most of the plots. Minimum disease incidence (7.8%) was obtained from mustard-treated plots, whereas non-treated control plots showed the highest disease prevalence (16.7%). There was no significant variation in the yield data of most of the treatments except the neem-treated soil that revealed significantly the highest yield (1.01 t/ha). On the other hand non-treated control provided the lowest yield (0.67 t/ha) that was statistically similar with other BSD treatments. In case of chickpea, maximum wilt incidence (~24%) was obtained from non-treated control and rice bran-treated plots, whereas mustard-treated plots showed the lowest disease prevalence (9.6%). There was significant variation in the yield data of the BSD-treated plots with the control. The significantly highest yield was obtained from TG (weeds-treated) and TW (treated control) plots, whereas the lowest from the TC (non-treated control) plots. The results obtained from this study indicated that BSD can be a suitable option in suppressing these soil borne diseases. In the previous experiments, soil incorporated with B. juncea plants, wheat bran, or radish biomass suppresses the Fusarium oxysporum pathogens as well as natural wilt disease incidence in spinach. All these biomass can emit volatile bioactive substances in soil due to the function of anaerobes, especially of the bacteria in the Firmicutes phylum. Thus, it was suggested that anaerobic decomposition of plant biomass release bioactive substances that suppress the soil borne pathogens. In the first year of this study, natural disease incidence of both the diseases on the crops was very low that resulted in smaller number of plants to be infected even in the control plots. For the treatment TW, covering with sheets also reduced the disease incidence as compared with non-treated TC. The an aerobiosis might be developed in the soil during the treatment in TW and enhance the suppression of the soil pathogens even in absence of plant biomass. In the further study, we should measure redox potential of the treated soil and apply disease pressure/artificial inoculation before applying the treatments for confirmation of the potentiality of BSD in suppressing these diseases.

Field application of BSD using various biomass suppresses foot and root rot of lentil as well as fusarium wilt of chickpea. Neem leaf treated soil increased the yield of both crops significantly. Other plant biomass sources such as mustard plants, rice bran, and weeds seem to be effective BSD materials at proper incorporation methods in soil.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings