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Effect of Different Doses of Ipil-ipil (leucaena Leucocephala) (lam.) De Wit. Tree Green Leaf Biomass on Rice Yield and Soil Chemical Properties

Niloy Paul
Department of Agroforestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Mohammad Kamrul Hasan
Department of Agroforestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Nasir Uddin Khan
Department of Agroforestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted to find out the effect of different doses of ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala) (Lam.) de Wit. tree green leaf biomass on rice yield and soil chemical properties. Four different treatments such as T₀: Recommended fertilizer dose (Urea 195 kg/ha, TSP 50 kg/ha, MOP 142 kg/ha, Gypsum 75 kg/ha and Zinc Sulphate 4 kg/ha), T₁: 5 t/ha, T₂: 7.5 t/ha, and T3: 10 t/ha ipil-ipil tree green leaf was used in this study in a Randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that the treatment T₃ was performed better than recommended fertilizer dose in case all yield contributing characters of rice except grain yield. The highest (5.29 t/ha) rice grain yield was obtained in recommended fertilizer dose followed by 10 t/ha, 7.5 t/ha and 5 t/ha ipil-ipil tree green leaf biomass amendment having 4.80, 3.16 and 2.36 t/ha respectively. The highest grain yield that was obtained from recommended fertilizer dose was 10.21% higher compared to the highest dose (10 t/ha) of ipil-ipil tree green leaf biomass. It was mentioned that among the different doses of ipil-ipil tree green leaf biomass 10 t/ha performed the best over others. The ipil-ipil tree green leaf biomass was also significantly influenced on some essential nutrient status which is very important for rice production. The highest amount of total N, available P, exchangeable K and available S were found in the treatment T₃ and the lowest in the treatment T₁. Therefore, it can be concluded that the ipil-ipil tree leaf has beneficial effects and could be combined with inorganic fertilizer for sustainable crop yield and maintaining soil fertility.

Keywords: Ipil-Ipil, Leaf biomass, Fertilizer, Rice, Yield

Location: Agroforestry Farm, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-08-2014

End Date: 00-12-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Bio fertilizer

Objectives:

To examine the effect of different doses of ipil-ipil tree green leaf biomass added to the soil at pre-cultivation stage on the yield and yield contributing characters of transplant Aman rice, and also on soil chemical properties.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the Agroforestry Farm, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during aman season from August-December 2014. The experimental area experiences a sub-tropical climate and belonged to Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (Agro-Ecological Zone No. 9) (UNDP and FAO, 1988). It is characterized by non-calcareous dark grey flood plain soil having pH value from 6.98 to 7.4 and the soil texture is silty loam. The relief of land is flat and above flood level and sufficient sunshine is available throughout the experiment period. The transplant Aman rice cv. BRRI dhan49 a modern variety of rice was used as a test crop in this experiment. It is photosensitive and resistant to blast disease. The life cycle of this variety ranges from 100 to 135 days (BRRI, 2010). The seedlings were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University Central Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. It is usually produces a grain yield of 5-5.5 t/ha under proper management (DAE, 2013). The experiment was conducted in a Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. There were four different treatments viz. T₀: Recommended fertilizer dose, T₁: 5 t/ha ipil-ipil tree green leaf biomass (500 g/plot), T₂: 7.5 t/ha ipil-ipil tree green leaf biomass (750 g/plot) and T₃: 10 t/ha ipil-ipil tree green leaf biomass (1000 g/plot). The treatments were randomly distributed to the unit plots in each block. The total number of plots was 12. The unit plot size was 1 m × 1 m. The spacing between blocks was 100 cm and the plots were separated from each other by 40 cm. The selected ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala) tree green leaf biomass was collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University campus, Mymensingh and tree leaf biomass was chopped by hand and incorporated to the experimental plots soil after 15 days of transplanting of rice seedlings. Thirty three days old seedlings were transplanted with 25 × 15 cm spacing. Two or three healthy seedlings per hill were transplanted in all the plots. After transplanting, necessary intercultural operations were done as required. The rice plants were harvested on 9 December, 2014 at its full maturity when 90% of the grains became golden yellow in colour. The data collection for studied plant parameters, five hills were randomly selected and carefully uprooted from each unit plot to record yield and yield contributing characters like plant height, total tillers/hill, effective tillers/hill, non-effective tillers/hill, panicle length, number of grains/panicle, 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yield, biological yield and harvest index (%). After plant sampling, the whole plots were harvested and necessary information recorded accordingly. Grain and straw yields were recorded plot wise and expressed as t ha^-1. For studied soil chemical properties, an initial soil sample was collected before ipil-ipil tree green leaf biomass incorporation. Another soil samples were collected from the experimental plots at 30 days after incorporation of ipil-ipil leaf biomass or 15 days after transplanting of rice and after harvesting of rice. The soil samples were analyzed to determine the soil chemical properties like organic matter, total N, available P, exchangeable K and available S before and after incorporation of ipil-ipil tree green leaf biomass in experimental plots. Organic matter content of soil samples were estimated following the method developed. The total N, available P, exchangeable K and available S were determined by modified Olsen method, ammonium acetate (NH₄OAc) extraction method and turbidimetric method, respectively. The collected data both plant and soils were tabulated and analyzed through a standard computer package statistical procedure WASP. The means were ranked by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 2, No. 3, December 2015: 385-394; ISSN : P-2409-0603, E-2409-9325

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/download/26161/17555

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the experiment it was revealed that the recommended fertilizer dose gave only the highest grain yield of rice over ipil-ipil tree green leaf biomass treatments but soil nutrient contents, growth parameters values were lowest in this treatment. Among the different doses of ipil-ipil tree green leaf biomasses, it was found that the increased dose of ipil-ipil leaf biomass were positively increased the studied parameters of rice. However, it seems that the ipil-ipil tree green leaf biomass i.e. higher dose 10 t/ha has significant impacts on rice production and would be possible to substitute of or apply in combination with inorganic fertilizer although there was some yield loss (10.21%) which was less significant compare to recommended fertilizer. Tree leaf biomass is an important source of essential nutrients which enhances the soil fertility. It is environmentally friendly because the rapid decomposition and the highest residual effect of tree leaf biomasses. Therefore, it can be suggested that for rice production we can use tree leaf biomass as a source of organic matter which is available in agroforestry system, significantly reduces the considerable amount of chemical fertilizer.

Knowledge Management: Journal