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Effect of Vitamin-mineral Premix on Immune Response of Baby Chick Ranikhet Disease Vaccine in Chicks

M. Sadekuzzaman
Upazila Livestock Office, Lakhai, Hobigonj, Bangladesh.

M. A. Islam
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2002, Bangladesh.

M. T. Hossain
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2002, Bangladesh.

S. Akter
Livestock Research Institute, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A total of 150 (75 broiler and 75 layer) apparently healthy chicks were used to investigate the.effect of vitamin-mineral premix on immune responses of Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine (Baby Chick Ranikhet Disease Vaccine, F-strain) during the period from January to March 2003. The chicks were divided into six groups namely group A, B and C for broiler and group D, E and F for layer birds consisting of 25 birds in each group. Chicks of group A, C, D and F were supplied with vitamin-mineral premix containing feed and chicks of group B and E were supplied with vitamin-mineral deficient feed. The chicks of group A, B, D and E were primarily vaccinated with 0.1 ml of BCRDV of 10^6.5 EID₅₀/0.1 ml per bird through intra ocular route at the age of day 3 and were revaccinated with the same vaccine at the age of day 17. Birds of group C and F were kept as unvaccinated control. Chickens of all the groups were challenged with the virulent isolate of NDV @ 0.5 ml/bird 1M (10^4.5 ElD₅₀/0.1 ml) after two weeks of secondary vaccination. Titres were determined before and after vaccination by hemagglutination test (HI) test and serum neutralization test (SNT) was performed to measure the potency of immune serum. The HI titres of birds of groups A, B, D and E were 128, 16, 128 and 128 respectively after primary vaccination and 256, 128, 256 and 256 respectively after secondary vaccination. From the study it was found that among the experimental layer birds, no difference was noticed on the immune response to BCRDV. On the other hand, among the experimental broiler birds, birds of group A revealed higher HI titre compared to the birds of group B. Results of serum neutralization test indicated that the sera of birds possessing HI titre ≥128 demonstrated a good level of virus neutralizing activity of ≥7.60. The birds possessing HI titre of 128 ± 0.00 did not show any clinical signs of ND following challenge and the survivability was recorded as 100%. It may be concluded that supplementation of vitamin-mineral premix to the diet induces better immune response following vaccination with BCRDV in broiler chickens compared to the layer chickens.

Keywords: Effect, Vitamin-mineral premix, Immune response, Ranikhet disease, Chicks

Location: Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-01-2003

End Date: 00-03-2003

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

To investigate the effect of vitamin-mineral premix on the immune responses following vaccination with live ND vaccine (Baby Chick Ranikhet Disease Vaccine) in chicks.

Methodology:

The effect of vitamin-mineral premix on the immune response of ND vaccine was determined by using 150 (75 broiler and 75 layer) apparently healthy chicks, which was conducted in the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh from January to March 2003. A total of 75, day-old chicks of White Leghorn layer chicks without ND vaccination were purchased from Goalundo Hatchery and 75 Star bro broiler chicks without ND vaccination were purchased from the Begum Rokeya Poultry Farm, Mymensingh. All the layer and broiler chicks were reared separately in a well ventilated poultry house of the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, BAU, Mymensingh with adlibitum feed and water. Vitamin-mineral premix and concentrates and vitamin A capsules were used throughout the experiment. Lyophilized Baby Chick Ranikhet Disease Vaccine (BCRDV - ND vaccine with F-strain and containing a titre 10^6.5 EID₅₀/0.1 ml) produced by the Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Mohakhali, Dhaka was used for the study. A virulent local isolate of NDV was obtained from the laboratory repository of the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh and was used as stock virus for the determination of serum antibody titre by hemagglutination inhibition and serum neutralization test. The layer chicks were divided into three equal groups namely group A, B and C. Similarly broiler chicks were divided into groups D, E and F. Chicks of group A, C, D and F were supplied with vitamin-mineral premix containing feed and chicks of group B and E were supplied with feed without vitamin-mineral premix. Chicks of group A, B, D and E were primarily vaccinated with one drop of live ND vaccine (BCRDV) in one eye of each bird primarily at the age of day 3 and boosted at 17 days old. The chicks of group C and F were kept as unvaccinated control. Blood of chicks of all the groups were collected for sera to determine antibody titre before and after vaccination. Chickens of all the groups were challenged with the virulent isolate of NDV @ 0.5 ml/bird contained virus of 10^4.5 EID₅₀/0.1 ml through IM route after two weeks of secondary vaccination. The Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test was conducted following the β-method (a constant virus of 4HA unit was used in each well of a serially diluted serum containing well of the microplates to determine the HI titre of the test sera samples collected from the vaccinated and unvaccinated birds used in this study. The serum neutralization test (SNT) was conducted to measure the potency of serum of the vaccinated groups of birds by determining the degree of virus neutralizing capacity of the immune serum. To determine the virus neutralizing capacity, the virulent NDV of a definite dilution (10^-1 - 10^-10) and the immune sera of different vaccinated groups of birds having hemagglutination inhibition titre of <4, 8, 16, 128 and 256 were used. The test was carried out by inoculation of serum-virus mixture in 10-day-old chicken embryo through allantoic cavity route and observed for changes within 5 days. The EID₅₀ of the virus and the serum-virus mixture were calculated separately according to the method. The neutralizing activity of serum was calculated as the differences observed between the antilogarithm of the log₁₀EID₅₀ of virus and log₁₀EID₅₀ of serum virus mixture.

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2005). 3 (2): 96-99

Article Link (Online Journal): http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v3i2.11284

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the study, it may be concluded that the addition of vitamin and mineral premix in normal diet helps in the induction of immune response in birds vaccinated with BCRDV and better immune response was observed in broiler birds compared to the layer birds.

Knowledge Management: Journal