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Effects of Selenium, Iron and Zinc Supplementation on Arsenic Concentration in Tissues with Gross Pathology in Long Evans Rats

M. N. Islam
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. A. Awal
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

S. M. L. Kabir
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh .

M. S. Islam
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. W. Islam
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was carried out to know the effects of selenium, iron and zinc supplementation on gross pathology and tissue arsenic concentration in Long Evans rats during the period from August to October 2003. A total of 25, one-month-old male rats were randomly divided into 5 equal groups as A, B, C, D and E. Rats of group A were kept as control without giving any treatment. Rats of groups B, C and D were given normal rat pellet (25 g / rat / day) and in addition to arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃) @ 400 mg/ litre, they were treated with sodium selenite (NaSe) @ 1 mg/ litre, ferrous sulfate (FeSO₄) @ 150 mg/ litre and zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄) @ 50 mg/ litre respectively while rats of group E were treated with only arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃) @ 400 mg/ litre drinking water daily for 42 days. All the rats of groups B, C and D showed slight congestion in the Iiver, spleen, heart and kidney and haemorrhage in stomach and intestine but the rats of group E showed heavy congestion in the liver, spleen, heart and kidney and rose-red inflammation in the stomach and severe haernorrhagic enteritis. Among the treated groups, the rats of groups B (0.0126-0.27 ppm), C (0.03-0.32 ppm) and D (0.04-0.288 ppm) which were supplemented with sodium selenite, ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate respectively along with arsenic trioxide showed reduced arsenic concentrations in different tissues while the rats of group E treated only with arsenic trioxide showed higher concentrations of arsenic in tissues (0.05-0.4 ppm). The concentration of arsenic in the liver, kidney, spleen, heart, stomach, intestine, muscle and dermis of the treated rats were 0.27-0.40 ppm, 0.06-0.22 ppm, 0.052-0.20 ppm. 0.0126-0.102 ppm, 0.054-0.16 ppm, 0.064-0.176 ppm, 0.028-0.07 ppm and 0.03-0.05 ppm respectively. It may be concluded that supplementation of selenium, iron and zinc reduces the arsenic concentration in tissues like liver, kidney, spleen, heart, intestine, stomach, muscle and dermis of rats as well as lower the tissue damage caused by arsenic. The present results also indicate that arsenic is deposited mainly in liver followed by kidney, spleen, dermis, heart and muscle.

Keywords: Selenium, Iron, Zinc, Gross pathology, Tissues, Arsenic concentration, Long Evans rats

Location: Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Start Date: 00-08-2003

End Date: 00-10-2003

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Rats

Objectives:

To know the effects of selenium, iron and zinc supplementation on gross pathology and tissue arsenic concentration in Long Evans rats

Methodology:

The present research was carried out in the Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period of August to October 2003. A total of 25 one-month-old male Long Evans rats purchased from ICDDR, B, Mohakhali, Dhaka were used in this experiment. All the rats maintained on good housing conditions and were provided with normal feed and water. After acclimatization they were randomly divided into 5 equal groups as A, B, C, D and E. each consisting of 5 rats. Rats of group A was kept as control i.e., they were given normal feed and water. Rats of group B were given arsenic trioxide @ 400 mg / litre plus sodium selenite @ 1 mg / litre. Rats of group C were administered with arsenic trioxide @ 400 mg / litre plus ferrous sulfate @ 150 mg / litre. Rats of group D were fed with arsenic trioxide @ 400 mg / litre plus zinc sulfate @ 50 mg / litre. Group E was given only arsenic trioxide @ 400 mg / litre. All the chemicals i.e., arsenic trioxide, sodium selenite, ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate were fed to the different groups of rats with drinking water daily for 42 days. At the end of the experiment (i.e .. day 42) the rats were anaesthetized in a desiccator by chloroform and thereafter post-mortem examinations were performed. The liver, kidney, heart, spleen, stomach, intestine, muscle and parts of dermis were excised and blotted dry. The stomach and intestine were always rinsed out with water to remove the contents including food residues. Tissue homogenates of the liver, kidney, spleen, heart, stomach, intestine, muscle and dermis of rats of each group were made with the aid of mortar and pestle by adding normal saline @ 5 ml / g of tissue. These tissue homogenates were subjected to detect arsenic by Reinsch test followed by estimation of arsenic by 'Merck Arsen test' kit.

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2005), 3 (1): 83-85.

Article Link (Online Journal): http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v3i1.11392

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded that supplementation of selenium, iron and zinc reduced the arsenic concentration in tissues like liver, kidney, spleen, heart, intestine, stomach, muscle and dermis of rats as well as lower the tissue damage caused by arsenic. The present results also indicated that arsenic is deposited mainly in liver followed by kidney, spleen, dermis, heart and muscle.

Knowledge Management: Journal