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Biological Control of Bean Aphid.

Dr. Md. Mohsin Ali Sardar
Professor
Department of Entomology, BAU, Mymensingh-2202.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Studies were made on different aspects of biological control of bean aphid using coccinellid beetle predator. Naturally occurring population of M. sexmaculatus in aphid infested bean plants was maximum in the first week of November. The predation rate varied depending on size of aphid, small sized aphid being preferred prey. Mean aphid consumption by predator larva per day was higher than adult predator and the former stage deemed to be suitable for the control of aphid in bean field. The functional response of 30 larvae of M. sexmaculatus indicated over 90 per cent reductive impact on bean aphid at density of as many as 2000 individuals for a week. The efficacy of 15 larvae of this predator per bean plant was greater than that of Diazinon and Malathion at 0.002% A1 in controlling bean aphid and increasing bean yield. Bean aphids were more susceptible than M. sexmaculatus to Diazinon, Nogos and Malathion, and first two insecticides proved to be highly toxic to life cycle of this predator and Malathion could be a safe insecticide for this predator.

Keywords: Biological control, bean aphid, vegetables

Location: Department of Entomology, BAU.

Start Date: 01-10-1992

End Date: 31-12-1996

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity:

Objectives:

1. To determine the Menochilus saxmaculatus appeared in the bean plants. 2. To determine the infested by aphid and predator. 3. To determine the cost effect analysis in biological control in comparison with chemical control of the bean aphid.

Methodology:

Several experiments were conducted in the laboratory, nethouse and field during the period from October, 1992 to January, 1997. The first work in connection with the biological control of bean aphid commenced with study of degree of synchrony between the coccinellid predator, Menochilus sexmaculatus and bean aphid in the field in which predator population was sampled from aphid infested bean plants. This was followed by the experiments carried out in the laboratory on feeding performance of M. sexmaculatus with bean aphid and reproductive biology on natural food and artificial food. Attempts were dame to mass rearing of this predator and continued this work almost throughout the whole period of the project. Studies were made to determine the toxicities of commonly used insecticides to the life cycle of M. sexmaculatus in association with bean aphids in the laboratory and nethouse. The last experiment of the project was conducted in the field for the cost effect analysis in biological control in comparison with chemical control of the bean aphid.

Source of Information:

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.	Budget: 318324

Total Budget (Tk.) : 318324

Achievement/Findings:

Menochilus sexmaculatus appeared in the bean plants few weeks after infestation of aphid, aphis craccivora. The number of this predator remined small at the initial stage of aphid outbreak. During 1992-93 bean growing season, 16 bean plants of total 208 were infested by aphid and predator was the most abundant in number when 4 predators at immature and adult stages were recorded per plant in the first week of this month. The predator population at variable number of different stages might occur depending on presence of aphid in bean plants. M. sexmaculatus showed two types of colour variation at the adult stage. Black butle and spotted brown butles occurred at ratio from 0.75 : 1.28 to 0.50 : 2.00 in November, 1992.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings