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Breeding Biology and Induced Breeding Status of Freshwater Mud Eel, Monopterus Cuchia

M. F. Miah
Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

H. Ali
Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

E. Zannath
Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

T. M. Shuvra
Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

M. N. Naser
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

M. K. Ahmed
Department of Oceanography, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In this study, breeding biology and induced breeding of freshwater mud eel, Monopterus cuchia was observed during the experimental period from February to June, 2013. Breeding biology of freshwater mud eel, Monopterus cuchia was considered in terms of gonadosomatic index, length-weight relationship of gonad, ova diameter and fecundity. The ova diameter was recorded from 0.3 mm to 4.30 mm and the individual fecundity was recorded from 155 to 1495 while relative fecundity was found from 2.64 to 12.45. The fecundity related to body weight and length of fish was also discussed. A peak of GSI was observed 2.14±0.2 in male and 5.1 ±1.09 in female. Induced breeding of freshwater mud eel, Monopterus cuchia was also practiced with different doses of different inducing agents like pituitary gland (PG), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and Ovuline-a synthetic hormone in different environmental conditions. However, it was observed that the artificial breeding of freshwater mud eel, Monopterus cuchia was not yet succeeded through inducing agents in captive conditions, rather the inducing agent showed negative impacts on fecundity and ovarian tissues. It was seen that mature eggs in the oviduct were reduced, absorbed and some eggs were found in spoiled condition.

Keywords: Breeding biology, Induced breeding, Monopterus cuchia.

Location: Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet

Start Date: 00-02-2013

End Date: 00-06-2013

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Eel

Objectives:

To observe the breeding biology of mud eel, M. cuchia during natural conditions as well as after hormonal treatments and
To observe breeding performance through inducing agents as well as in captive conditions.

Methodology:

Observation of Breeding Biology of Freshwater Mud Eel: The breeding biology of freshwater mud eel, M. cuchia was observed by analyzing twenty fish specimens (ten males and ten females) where fishes were collected randomly during the period of February to June 2013 and collected fish was identified through observing taxonomic characteristics. Total length and weight of fish, length and weight of gonads, egg diameter, fecundity, etc. were measured monthly by using lifting balance, measuring scale, measuring tape and forceps, etc. The individual gonad weight was divided by the individual body weight to give the gonadosomatic index (GSI). The GSI of male and female was estimated separately by using the formula of GSI is [Gonad weight (g)/Fish weight (g)] × 100, and the relative fecundity was calculated by the formula of Relative fecundity is Individual fecundity / Body length (cm). Besides these periods of natural observations, on the other hand, breeding biology was also observed with 20 fish specimens after one week of hormonal treatments as the same process where different doses of HCG, PG, Ovulin, GnRH were induced and fish specimens were selected randomly. Observation of Artificial Breeding in Different Settings: Experimental Fish Matured fish were collected from flood plains by helping local fishermen and identified the fish through observing morphological characteristics. Male fish was considered with 60-65cm length and 450-550g weight whereas the length and weight of female fish were 70-75cm and 750-850g respectively. Due to difficulty to determine the sex the male and female fish was observed. Observation of Breeding in Cemented Tanks without Hormonal Treatment: Brood fish was collected from nature by a fisherman and stocked in a cemented tank as 1:1 ratios with recirculatory water in a hatchery for 20 days. During this observation lives tilapia fry, small dead fish, prawns and pellet feed were supplied up to 15 days by three day a time in the evening. No feed was given for last week of the experiment. Water temperature and pH were maintained with 26-30⁰C and 7 respectively. Aerator was used in the tank to maintain dissolved oxygen. Observation of Breeding through IVF Technique: In this study female fish was dissected to removal of oviduct membrane carefully for taking out of eggs and kept them in a petridish after harvesting from the oviduct. Male gonad/testis with sperm duct was taken out carefully and kept it in a petridish. Cut it in small pieces and kept them in 2.5% saline water. Eggs were poured immediately in sperm petridish and mixed very well with a spoon. After five minutes some water was given and again mixed them very well. Finally egg-sperm mixture was transferred into a small glass aquarium with filter water and aerator where temperature was maintained from 27-30⁰C and kept it for three days, and it was checked daily. Observation of Breeding through Inducing Agent: Three cemented tanks with 2m² were filled with water of 25cm of water with hyacinth. Three doses of PG such as 100mg/kg, 120mg/kg and 150mg/kg respectively were used for this first trial. First dose was conducted at 2: 3 ratio of male and female where second dose was 3: 3 ratios and third dose was 3: 2 ratio of male and female. Dorsal muscle was used as a suitable place for the injection. The injected fish were kept in three cemented tanks separately. Trial with HCG was conducted in three cemented tanks with three doses such as 2500 IU/kg, 2000 IU/kg and 1500 IU/kg where 2: 3 ratio, 2:2 ratio and 2:2 ratio of male and female fishes were considered respectively. Induced breeding of M. cuchia was trialed with GnRH in three cemented tanks with three different doses. 1st dose was injected with 1ml/kg fish with 3:3 ratio of male and female, and 2nd dose was given with 1.2/kg fish with 2:2 ratio of male and female while 3rd dose was given 1.5/kg fish with 2:2 ratio of the male and female fishes. Finally, trial with ovulin was 0.6 ml ovulin/kg of fish with 2:2 ratio while 0.8 ml/kg and 1 ml/kg was injected considering 2:3 and 3:2 ratios respectively. In this case both male and female fish were observed in the environments of cemented tank with sufficient water and in hapa on a pond. During these observations small live fish, earth worms and small dead fish were supplied as food. The water temperature and pH were considered between 28°C-31°C and 7.2-7.5 respectively. In breeding house, the water was changed after three days interval.

Source of Information: International Journal of Biological, Biomolecular, Agricultural, Food and Biotechnological Engineering Vol:9, No:6, 2015 pp. 633-637

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Achievement/Findings:

It was observed that the artificial breeding of freshwater mud eel, Monopterus cuchia was not yet succeeded through inducing agents in captive conditions, rather the inducing agent showed negative impacts on fecundity and ovarian tissues. It was seen that mature eggs in the oviduct were reduced, absorbed and some eggs were found in spoiled condition.

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